[评估废水中的非法药物：墨西哥的一项试点研究]
[Assessing illicit drugs in wastewater: a pilot study in Mexico].
作者信息
Cruz-Cruz Copytzy, Vidaña-Pérez Desireé, Mondragón Y Kalb Manuel, Martínez-Ruiz María José, Olaiz-Fernández Gustavo, Hernández-Lezama Luis Fernando, Hernández-Ávila Mauricio, Barrientos-Gutiérrez Tonatiuh
机构信息
Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, México.
Comisión Nacional contra las Adicciones. Ciudad de México, México.
出版信息
Salud Publica Mex. 2019 Jul-Ago;61(4):461-469. doi: 10.21149/9819. Epub 2019 Apr 12.
OBJECTIVE
Monitor drug use through wastewater metabolite measurement.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Wastewater samples were obtained from 31 wastewater treatment plants and 95 sites with specific populations (38 schools, 42 units of addiction treatment and 15 penitentiaries). Using ultra high liquid chromatography, we measured nine metabolites from six drugs.
RESULTS
Eight out of nine drug metabolites were identified in the samples. Marijuana (THC-COOH), cocaine (benzoylecgonine) and methamphetamine were identified in schools, centers of addiction treatment and penitentiaries. Nuevo Laredo, Culiacan and Torreon had the highest consumption of cocaine, marijuana, amphetamine and methamphetamine.
CONCLUSIONS
Monitoring drug use through wastewater is feasible in Mexico and could constitute a surveillance system to identify changes in the time.
目的
通过废水代谢物测量监测药物使用情况。
材料与方法
从31个污水处理厂以及95个有特定人群的地点（38所学校、42个戒毒治疗单位和15所监狱）采集废水样本。我们使用超高效液相色谱法测量了六种药物的九种代谢物。
结果
在样本中鉴定出了九种药物代谢物中的八种。在学校、戒毒治疗中心和监狱中均检测到了大麻（四氢大麻酚羧酸）、可卡因（苯甲酰爱康宁）和甲基苯丙胺。新拉雷多、库利亚坎和托雷翁的可卡因、大麻、苯丙胺和甲基苯丙胺消费量最高。
结论
在墨西哥，通过废水监测药物使用情况是可行的，并且可以构成一个监测系统以识别随时间的变化。
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