School of Economics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
Institute for Fiscal Big-Date & Policy of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Sep;26(26):27087-27099. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-05808-5. Epub 2019 Jul 17.
In recent years, China has constantly strengthened environmental regulation (ER) to force the manufacturing industry to upgrade. This study theoretically analyzes interaction mechanism of ER on the upgrading of manufacturing industry through foreign direct investment (FDI) and technological innovation (TI) and carries out empirical verification by using provincial panel data from 2000 to 2016 in China. The results demonstrate that the current ER intensity in China is unable to directly promote the upgrading of manufacturing industry, while through the interaction effects of FDI and TI do boost the upgrading of the industry. The above mechanisms are also robust even if we take the regional heterogeneity into consideration. Basic education and urbanization are favorable for the upgrading of the manufacturing industry. However, the increase in dependence on foreign trade is not conducive to upgrading manufacturing industry. Chinese government should further strengthen ER and give full play of the interaction mechanism of ER to guide the flow of foreign investment and force enterprises to carry out TI. In the meanwhile, Chinese government also needs to ensure balanced regional development, thus better promoting the upgrading of manufacturing industry.
近年来，中国不断加强环境规制（ER），以迫使制造业升级。本研究通过外国直接投资（FDI）和技术创新（TI），从理论上分析了 ER 对制造业升级的互动机制，并利用中国 2000 年至 2016 年的省级面板数据进行了实证验证。结果表明，中国目前的 ER 强度无法直接促进制造业升级，而通过 FDI 和 TI 的互动效应确实促进了产业升级。即使考虑到区域异质性，上述机制也是稳健的。基础教育和城市化有利于制造业升级。然而，对外贸易依存度的增加不利于制造业升级。中国政府应进一步加强 ER，并充分发挥 ER 的互动机制，引导外资流动，迫使企业进行 TI。同时，中国政府还需要确保区域发展平衡，从而更好地促进制造业升级。
