Li Zhiyi, Xu Tao, Zhang Lei, Zhu Lan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Low Urin Tract Symptoms. 2019 Sep;11(4):217-223. doi: 10.1111/luts.12274. Epub 2019 Jul 18.
Nationwide prospective studies of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) during and after pregnancy have never been conducted in mainland China. A prospective longitudinal study was performed to evaluate the association of pregnancy and delivery on LUTS in a representative sample of primiparous Chinese women.
A national survey on urinary incontinence (UI) was conducted in 10,098 pregnant females during late pregnancy (37 to 42 weeks of gestation) and at 6 weeks postpartum.in seven administrative regions of China from September 2007 to May 2009. No intervention was implemented. International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Female Lower Urinary tract Symptoms Module (ICIQ-FLUTS) was administered. The participants were asked about the presence of individual LUTS and rated their symptom bother. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression.
Among all participants (mean ± SD maternal age 26.44 ± 3.97 years), the most commonly reported storage LUTS during pregnancy were nocturia (72.3%) and frequency (43.9%). LUTS were much less prevalent after childbirth than during pregnancy. Moderate to severe bother was more common during than after pregnancy. Compared with vaginal delivery (VD), cesarean section (CS) was a protective factor against voiding LUTS (AOR (adjusted odd ration), 0.66; 95% CI, 0.52-0.82) and storage LUTS (AOR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.66-0.83).
LUTS were much more prevalent during than after pregnancy, with nocturia and frequency being the most prevalent. Moderate or severe bother was more common during pregnancy than after pregnancy. CS was associated with a decreased prevalence both of storage and voiding LUTS after delivery.
中国大陆从未开展过关于妊娠期间及产后下尿路症状（LUTS）的全国性前瞻性研究。本前瞻性纵向研究旨在评估妊娠和分娩对中国初产妇代表性样本中LUTS的影响。
2007年9月至2009年5月，在中国七个行政区对10098名妊娠晚期（妊娠37至42周）及产后6周的孕妇进行了一项关于尿失禁（UI）的全国性调查。未实施干预措施。采用国际尿失禁咨询委员会女性下尿路症状模块问卷（ICIQ-FLUTS）进行调查。询问参与者个体LUTS的存在情况，并对其症状困扰程度进行评分。通过描述性统计、卡方检验和多因素逻辑回归分析数据。
在所有参与者中（平均±标准差，产妇年龄26.44±3.97岁），妊娠期间最常报告的储尿期LUTS是夜尿症（72.3%）和尿频（43.9%）。LUTS在产后的发生率远低于妊娠期间。与产后相比，妊娠期间中度至重度困扰更为常见。与阴道分娩（VD）相比，剖宫产（CS）是预防排尿期LUTS（调整后的优势比[AOR]，0.66；95%可信区间[CI]，0.52 - 0.82）和储尿期LUTS（AOR，0.74；95%CI，0.66 - 0.83）的保护因素。
LUTS在妊娠期间的发生率远高于产后，夜尿症和尿频最为常见。妊娠期间中度或重度困扰比产后更常见。剖宫产与产后储尿期和排尿期LUTS发生率降低有关。
