Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Eur Urol. 2015 Jul;68(1):97-112. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.12.012. Epub 2015 Jan 5.
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are few in China, and none has been conducted nationwide. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and potential risk factors of LUTS and the bother they impose on adult women in China. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This is the second analysis of a population-based cross-sectional survey on urinary incontinence conducted between February and July 2006 in six regions of China. Cluster samples were randomly selected for interviews. INTERVENTIONS: No intervention was implemented. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: A modified Chinese Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms questionnaire was administered. The participants were asked about the presence of individual LUTS and rated their symptom bother. Descriptive statistics, χ(2) tests, receiver operating characteristic curves, and multivariate logistic regressions were used for data analysis. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: A total of 18 992 respondents (94.96%) were included. The prevalence of any LUTS, storage symptoms, or voiding symptoms was 55.5%, 53.9%, and 12.9%, respectively, and increased with age. Nocturia was the most common symptom (23.4%), followed by urgency (23.3%) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI; 18.9%). Nocturia was most frequently rated as bothersome (93.0%) but was generally minor (80.5%). Urgency and urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) were most frequently reported as severe (11.5% and 10.8%) or moderate (18.5% and 16.8%) bothers. Any LUTS were more prevalent in urban women (57.1% vs 53.9%). Multiple factors increased the odds of bother and individual LUTS, and older age and coexisting pelvic organ prolapse were strong predictors (p<0.05). This survey was conducted 8 yr ago and did not assess all LUTS. CONCLUSIONS: Half of adult women suffered with LUTS; nocturia, urgency, and SUI were more prevalent. Urgency and UUI were most frequently reported as severe or moderate bothers. Multiple factors influenced bother and individual LUTS. PATIENT SUMMARY: The prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms is high and increases with age in adult women in China. Urgency and urgency urinary incontinence were most frequently regarded as severe or moderate bothers and should be targeted for medical intervention.
背景：中国的下尿路症状（LUTS）流行病学研究较少，且尚无全国性研究。
目的：评估中国成年女性 LUTS 的患病率及其潜在危险因素，以及 LUTS 给她们带来的困扰。
设计、地点和参与者：这是对 2006 年 2 月至 7 月间中国六个地区进行的一项基于人群的尿失禁横断面调查的第二次分析。采用整群随机抽样方法进行访谈。
干预措施：未实施任何干预措施。
结局测量和统计学分析：采用改良的中国布里斯托女性下尿路症状问卷。询问参与者是否存在个别 LUTS 症状，并对其症状困扰程度进行评分。采用描述性统计、χ²检验、受试者工作特征曲线和多变量逻辑回归进行数据分析。
结果和局限性：共纳入 18992 名应答者（94.96%）。任何 LUTS、储尿症状或排尿症状的患病率分别为 55.5%、53.9%和 12.9%，且随年龄增长而增加。夜尿症最为常见（23.4%），其次是尿急（23.3%）和压力性尿失禁（SUI；18.9%）。夜尿症被评为最困扰（93.0%）但通常程度较轻（80.5%）。尿急和急迫性尿失禁（UUI）则被报告为严重（11.5%和 10.8%）或中度（18.5%和 16.8%）困扰的比例最高。城市女性中任何 LUTS 的患病率均高于农村女性（57.1% vs 53.9%）。多种因素增加了困扰和个别 LUTS 的发生几率，且年龄较大和合并盆腔器官脱垂是强有力的预测因素（p<0.05）。本调查于 8 年前进行，未评估所有 LUTS。
结论：半数成年女性患有 LUTS；夜尿症、尿急和 SUI 更为常见。尿急和 UUI 最常被报告为严重或中度困扰。多种因素影响困扰和个别 LUTS。
患者总结：中国成年女性 LUTS 患病率较高，且随年龄增长而增加。尿急和急迫性尿失禁最常被认为是严重或中度困扰，应作为医疗干预的目标。
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