Kathryn M. Rodgers, Lucien R. Swetschinski, Robin E. Dodson, and Ruthann A. Rudel are with Silent Spring Institute, Newton, MA. Hillel R. Alpert is with Northeastern University School of Law, Boston, MA. Joseph M. Fleming is with the Boston Fire Department, Boston, MA.
Am J Public Health. 2019 Sep;109(9):1205-1211. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2019.305157. Epub 2019 Jul 18.
To evaluate the risk of death and injury in residential fires started on upholstered furniture, with a focus on open flame and cigarette-related heat sources. We used civilian death and injury data from 34 081 residential fires in the Massachusetts Fire Incident Reporting System from 2003 to 2016. We compared outcomes associated with fires that started on upholstered furniture ignited by smoking materials versus open flames. Although fires starting on upholstered furniture were not common (2.2% of total fires), odds of death and injury were significantly higher in these fires than in fires started on other substrates. Among furniture fires, odds of death were 3 times greater when those fires were ignited by smoking materials than when ignited by open flames (odds ratio = 3.4; 95% confidence interval = 1.3, 10.9). Furniture fires started by smoking materials were associated with more deaths than were furniture fires started by open flames. Historically, furniture flammability regulations have focused on open flame heat sources, resulting in the addition of toxic flame retardants to furniture. Interventions to reduce deaths should instead focus on smoking materials.
为了评估由软垫家具引发的住宅火灾中的死亡和受伤风险，重点关注明火和与香烟有关的热源。我们使用了 2003 年至 2016 年马萨诸塞州火灾事件报告系统中 34081 起因住宅火灾导致的平民伤亡数据。我们将由点燃的吸烟材料和明火引发的软垫家具火灾的结果进行了比较。虽然由软垫家具引发的火灾并不常见（占总火灾的 2.2%），但与其他基底引发的火灾相比，这些火灾中死亡和受伤的几率明显更高。在家具火灾中，由吸烟材料引发的火灾死亡的几率比由明火引发的火灾高 3 倍（比值比=3.4；95%置信区间=1.3，10.9）。由吸烟材料引发的家具火灾导致的死亡人数多于由明火引发的家具火灾。从历史上看，家具可燃性法规主要针对明火热源，导致家具中添加了有毒阻燃剂。减少死亡人数的干预措施应侧重于吸烟材料。
