Lucia Umberto, Grisolia Giulia
Dipartimento Energia "Galileo Ferraris", Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2019 Jul 18;9(1):10454. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46980-5.
In the environment, there exists a continuous interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter. So, atoms continuously interact with the photons of the environmental electromagnetic fields. This electromagnetic interaction is the consequence of the continuous and universal thermal non-equilibrium, that introduces an element of randomness to atomic and molecular motion. Consequently, a decreasing of path probability required for microscopic reversibility of evolution occurs. Recently, an energy footprint has been theoretically proven in the atomic electron-photon interaction, related to the well known spectroscopic phase shift effect, and the results on the irreversibility of the electromagnetic interaction with atoms and molecules, experimentally obtained in the late sixties. Here, we want to show how this quantum footprint is the "origin of time". Last, the result obtained represents also a response to the question introduced by Einstein on the analysis of the interaction between radiation and molecules when thermal radiation is considered; he highlighted that in general one restricts oneself to a discussion of the energy exchange, without taking the momentum exchange into account. Our result has been obtained just introducing the momentum into the quantum analysis.
在环境中，电磁辐射与物质之间存在持续的相互作用。因此，原子不断地与环境电磁场的光子相互作用。这种电磁相互作用是持续且普遍的热非平衡的结果，热非平衡给原子和分子运动引入了随机性元素。因此，演化微观可逆性所需的路径概率降低。最近，在原子电子 - 光子相互作用中，与著名的光谱相移效应相关的能量足迹已在理论上得到证明，并且关于与原子和分子电磁相互作用不可逆性的结果，是在六十年代后期通过实验获得的。在此，我们想要展示这种量子足迹如何是“时间的起源”。最后，所获得的结果也回应了爱因斯坦在考虑热辐射时对辐射与分子相互作用分析所提出的问题；他强调，一般而言，人们往往局限于对能量交换的讨论，而没有考虑动量交换。我们的结果正是通过将动量引入量子分析而获得的。
