Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Republic of Korea.
OBELAB Inc., Republic of Korea.
Neural Plast. 2019 Jun 19;2019:7845104. doi: 10.1155/2019/7845104. eCollection 2019.
The present pilot study was aimed at conducting a comparative analysis of the level of activation in the prefrontal cortex among a normal elderly group and amnestic and nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) groups and investigating the presence of neural compensatory mechanisms according to types of MCI and different cognitive tasks. We performed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) along with cognitive tasks, including two-back test, Korean color word Stroop test, and semantic verbal fluency task (SVFT), to investigate hemodynamic response and the presence of neural compensation and neuroplasticity in the prefrontal cortex of patients with amnestic and nonamnestic MCI compared with a healthy elderly group. During the two-back test, there was no significant difference in the bilateral region-of-interest (ROI) analysis in the three groups. During the Stroop test, right-sided hyperactivation compared to the left side during the task was shown in the nonamnestic MCI and normal groups with statistical significance. Mean accHbO on the right side was highest in the nonamnestic MCI group (0.30 followed by the normal group (0.07 ) and the amnestic MCI group (-0.10 ). Otherwise, intergroup ROI analysis of accHbO in these activated right sides showed no significant difference. During the VFT test, there was no significant difference in the bilateral region-of-interest analysis in the three groups. The highest mean accHbO was shown in the normal group (0.79 ) followed by the nonamnestic MCI group (0.52 ) and the amnestic MCI group (0.21 . Otherwise, there was no significant difference between groups. The hemodynamic response during fNIRS showed different findings according to MCI types and cognitive tasks. Among the three tasks, the Stroop test showed results that were suggestive of neural compensatory mechanisms in the prefrontal cortex in nonamnestic MCI.
本研究旨在通过比较正常老年人组、遗忘型和非遗忘型轻度认知障碍（MCI）组前额叶皮层的激活水平，根据 MCI 类型和不同认知任务，探讨是否存在神经补偿机制。我们进行了功能近红外光谱（fNIRS）检查，并结合认知任务，包括双任务、韩国色词斯特鲁普测验和语义流畅性测验（SVFT），以研究遗忘型和非遗忘型 MCI 患者与健康老年人组前额叶皮层的血流动力学反应以及是否存在神经补偿和神经可塑性。在双任务中，三组的双侧感兴趣区（ROI）分析无显著差异。在斯特鲁普测验中，非遗忘型 MCI 和正常组在任务中右侧比左侧表现出明显的过度激活，具有统计学意义。右侧平均 accHbO 在非遗忘型 MCI 组最高（0.30），其次是正常组（0.07）和遗忘型 MCI 组（-0.10）。然而，这些激活右侧的 accHbO 组间 ROI 分析无显著差异。在 SVFT 测验中，三组的双侧 ROI 分析无显著差异。正常组的平均 accHbO 最高（0.79），其次是非遗忘型 MCI 组（0.52）和遗忘型 MCI 组（0.21）。然而，组间无显著差异。fNIRS 的血流动力学反应根据 MCI 类型和认知任务而有所不同。在这三个任务中，斯特鲁普测验的结果表明非遗忘型 MCI 前额叶皮层存在神经补偿机制。
