Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 Jun 19;2019:7058350. doi: 10.1155/2019/7058350. eCollection 2019.
Skeletal muscles require the proper production and distribution of energy to sustain their work. To ensure this requirement is met, mitochondria form large networks within skeletal muscle cells, and during exercise, they can enhance their functions. In the present review, we discuss recent findings on exercise-induced mitochondrial adaptations. We emphasize the importance of mitochondrial biogenesis, morphological changes, and increases in respiratory supercomplex formation as mechanisms triggered by exercise that may increase the function of skeletal muscles. Finally, we highlight the possible effects of nutraceutical compounds on mitochondrial performance during exercise and outline the use of exercise as a therapeutic tool in noncommunicable disease prevention. The resulting picture shows that the modulation of mitochondrial activity by exercise is not only fundamental for physical performance but also a key point for whole-organism well-being.
骨骼肌需要适当的能量产生和分布来维持其工作。为了确保这一需求得到满足，线粒体在骨骼肌细胞内形成大的网络，并且在运动时，它们可以增强其功能。在本综述中，我们讨论了运动引起的线粒体适应的最新发现。我们强调了线粒体生物发生、形态变化和呼吸超级复合物形成增加作为运动触发的机制的重要性，这些机制可能增加骨骼肌的功能。最后，我们强调了运动过程中营养化合物对线粒体性能的可能影响，并概述了将运动作为非传染性疾病预防的治疗工具的使用。结果表明，运动对线粒体活性的调节不仅对身体表现至关重要，也是整个机体健康的关键。
