Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2019 Sep;19(9):885-889. doi: 10.1111/ggi.13734. Epub 2019 Jul 18.
This cross-sectional study examined whether sleep duration and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) were associated with social frailty in community-dwelling older people.
A total of 4427 community-dwelling older people (51.4% women, mean age 71.9 years) who met the entry criteria were included in this study. Social frailty was assessed by five questions, relating to going out less frequently than last year, not visiting friends sometimes, not feeling helpful to friends or family, living alone and not talking with someone every day. Participants with two or more components were defined as having social frailty. Sleep duration and EDS were assessed by self-reported questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis estimated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of social frailty according to EDS or the three categories of sleep duration (short ≤6.0 h, medium 6.1-8.9 h, long ≥9.0 h), and we used medium-duration sleepers as the reference group.
Among all participants, the prevalence of social frailty in each sleep duration group was as follows: long 18.3%, short 9.9% and medium 9.7% (P < 0.001). The prevalence of social frailty in participants with EDS was 17.1% (no EDS 10.2%, P < 0.001). Long sleep duration (odds ratio 1.46, 95% confidence interval 1.14-1.84) and presence of EDS (hazard ratio 1.32, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.71) were associated with higher rates of social frailty after adjustments for several covariates.
Long sleep duration and EDS were associated with social frailty; thus, older people with both sleep patterns would have a higher risk of progression of social frailty. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 885-889.
本横断面研究旨在探讨睡眠时间和日间嗜睡（EDS）是否与社区老年人的社会脆弱性相关。
本研究共纳入 4427 名符合纳入标准的社区老年人（51.4%为女性，平均年龄 71.9 岁）。社会脆弱性通过五个问题评估，包括外出活动频率低于去年、有时不探望朋友、觉得对朋友或家人无帮助、独居以及每天不与他人交谈。有两个或更多部分出现问题的人被定义为有社会脆弱性。睡眠时间和 EDS 通过自我报告问卷评估。采用逻辑回归分析，根据 EDS 或三种睡眠时间类别（短≤6.0 小时、中 6.1-8.9 小时、长≥9.0 小时），估计社会脆弱性的比值比和 95%置信区间，并以中时睡眠者为参照组。
在所有参与者中，各睡眠时间组的社会脆弱性患病率如下：长时睡眠组 18.3%、短时睡眠组 9.9%和中时睡眠组 9.7%（P<0.001）。有 EDS 的参与者的社会脆弱性患病率为 17.1%（无 EDS 为 10.2%，P<0.001）。调整多个协变量后，长睡眠时间（比值比 1.46，95%置信区间 1.14-1.84）和 EDS 存在（风险比 1.32，95%置信区间 1.02-1.71）与较高的社会脆弱性发生率相关。
长睡眠时间和 EDS 与社会脆弱性相关；因此，同时具有这两种睡眠模式的老年人发生社会脆弱性进展的风险更高。
