a Bacteriophage Laboratory, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland.
b Department of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland.
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2019 Aug;17(8):583-606. doi: 10.1080/14787210.2019.1646126. Epub 2019 Jul 24.
: Phages consist of nucleic acids and proteins that may lose their activity under different physico-chemical conditions. The production process of phage formulations may decrease phage infectivity. Ingredients present in the preparation may influence phage particles, although preparation and storage conditions may also cause variations in phage titer. Significant factors are the manner of phage application, the patient's immune system status, the type of medication being taken, and diet. : We discuss factors determining phage activity and stability, which is relevant for the preparation and application of phage formulations with the highest therapeutic efficacy. Our article should be helpful for more insightful implementation of clinical trials, which could pave the way for successful phage therapy. : The number of naturally occurring phages is practically unlimited and phages vary in their susceptibility to external factors. Modern methods offer engineering techniques which should lead to enhanced precision in phage delivery and anti-bacterial activity. Recent data suggesting that phages may also be used in treating nonbacterial infections as well as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents add further weight to such studies. It may be anticipated that different phage activities could have varying susceptibility to factors determining their actions.
噬菌体由核酸和蛋白质组成，在不同的理化条件下可能失去活性。噬菌体制剂的生产过程可能会降低噬菌体的感染力。制剂中存在的成分可能会影响噬菌体颗粒，尽管制剂和储存条件也可能导致噬菌体效价发生变化。重要的因素是噬菌体的应用方式、患者的免疫系统状况、所服用的药物类型和饮食。
我们讨论了决定噬菌体活性和稳定性的因素，这对于制备和应用具有最高治疗效果的噬菌体制剂至关重要。我们的文章应该有助于更深入地实施临床试验，为噬菌体治疗的成功铺平道路。
自然界中存在的噬菌体数量实际上是无限的，而且噬菌体对外界因素的敏感性也各不相同。现代方法提供了工程技术，这应该有助于提高噬菌体传递和抗菌活性的精度。最近的数据表明，噬菌体也可以用于治疗非细菌性感染以及抗炎和免疫调节药物，这进一步支持了此类研究。可以预期，不同的噬菌体活性可能对决定其作用的因素有不同的敏感性。
