Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya.
Disease Surveillance and Response Unit, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2021 Jun 7;43(2):e140-e144. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdz078.
Cholera globally affects 1.3-4.0 million people and causes 21 000-143 000 deaths annually. In June 2017, a cluster of diarrhoeal illness occurred among participants of an international scientific conference at a hotel in Nairobi, Kenya. Culture confirmed Vibrio cholerae, serotype Ogawa. We investigated to assess magnitude, identify likely exposures and suggest control measures.
We carried out a retrospective cohort study utilizing a structured questionnaire administered by telephone, email and internet-based survey. We calculated food-specific attack rates, risk ratios and in a nested-case control analysis, performed logistic regression to identify exposures independently associated with the outbreak.
We interviewed 249 out of 456 conference attendees (response rate=54.6%). Mean age of respondents was 37.8 years, ±8.3 years, 131 (52.6%) were male. Of all the respondents, 137 (55.0%) were cases. Median incubation time was 35 (11-59) hours. Eating chicken (adjusted OR 2.49, 95% CI, 1.22-5.06) and having eaten lunch on Tuesday (adjusted OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.09-5.05) were independently associated with illness; drinking soda was protective (adjusted OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.07-0.42).
Point source outbreak, associated with chicken eaten at lunch on Tuesday 20th June 2017 occurred. We recommend better collaboration between the food and health sectors in food-borne outbreak investigations.
霍乱在全球范围内每年影响 130 万至 400 万人，导致 2.1 万至 14.3 万人死亡。2017 年 6 月，在内罗毕肯尼亚一家酒店举行的一次国际科学会议的与会者中发生了一组腹泻病。培养证实为霍乱弧菌，血清型为 Ogawa。我们进行了调查，以评估规模，确定可能的暴露并提出控制措施。
我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究，利用电话，电子邮件和基于互联网的调查进行结构化问卷。我们计算了特定食物的攻击率，风险比，并在巢式病例对照分析中，进行逻辑回归以确定与暴发独立相关的暴露。
我们采访了 456 名会议与会者中的 249 名（应答率= 54.6％）。受访者的平均年龄为 37.8 岁，± 8.3 岁，131 名（52.6％）为男性。在所有受访者中，有 137 名（55.0％）是病例。潜伏期中位数为 35 小时（11-59 小时）。食用鸡肉（调整后的 OR 2.49，95％CI，1.22-5.06）和星期二吃午餐（调整后的 OR 2.34，95％CI 1.09-5.05）与患病有关；饮用苏打水具有保护作用（调整后的 OR 0.17，95％CI 0.07-0.42）。
与 2017 年 6 月 20 日星期二午餐食用鸡肉有关的单点源暴发。我们建议在食源性暴发调查中加强食品和卫生部门之间的合作。
