Department of Rheumatology, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, R. Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170, Brazil.
Medical Imaging Research Lab, LABIMED, Department of Radiology, Pavilhão Pereira Filho Hospital, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Av. Independência, 75, 90020160, Brazil.
Respir Med. 2019 Aug;155:79-85. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2019.07.006. Epub 2019 Jul 6.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been emerging as an imaging modality to assess interstitial lung diseases (ILD). An optimal chest MRI protocol for ILDs should include non-contrast breath-holding sequences, steady-state free-precession sequences, and contrast-enhanced sequences. One of the main MRI applications in ILDs is the differentiation between areas of active inflammation (i.e. reversible stage) and fibrosis. Alveolitis presents high signal intensity on T2-weighted sequences (WS) and early-enhancement on contrast-enhanced MR sequences, while fibrotic-predominant lesions present low signal and late-enhancement in these sequences, respectively. MRI can be useful in connective tissue diseases, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and sarcoidosis. The aim of this state-of-the-art review was to perform a state-of-the-art review on the use of MRI in ILDs, and propose the optimal MRI protocols for imaging ILDs.
磁共振成像（MRI）已成为评估间质性肺疾病（ILD）的一种成像方式。ILD 的最佳胸部 MRI 方案应包括非对比屏息序列、稳态自由进动序列和对比增强序列。ILD 中 MRI 的主要应用之一是区分活动炎症区域（即可逆阶段）和纤维化。间质性肺炎在 T2 加权序列（WS）上呈现高信号强度，在对比增强 MR 序列上呈现早期增强，而以纤维化为主的病变在这些序列上分别呈现低信号和晚期增强。MRI 在结缔组织疾病、特发性肺纤维化和结节病中具有一定的应用价值。本综述的目的是对 MRI 在ILD 中的应用进行综述，并提出ILD 成像的最佳 MRI 方案。
