Liu Xuesong, Wu Jie
Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2019 Jul 9;19(13):3017. doi: 10.3390/s19133017.
Wireless sensor networks are widely used in many fields. Nodes in the network are typically powered by batteries. Because the energy consumption of wireless communication is related to the transmission distance, the energy consumption of nodes in different locations is different, resulting in uneven energy distribution of nodes. In some special applications, all nodes are required to work at the same time, and the uneven energy distribution makes the effective working time of the system subject to the node with the largest energy consumption. The commonly used clustering protocol can play a role in balancing energy consumption, but it does not achieve optimal energy consumption. This paper proposes to use the power supply line to connect the nodes to fully balance the energy. The connection scheme with the shortest power line length is also proposed. On the basis of energy balance, the method of transmitting data with the best hop count is proposed, which fully reduces the power consumption of the data transmission. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the energy consumption and prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor networks.
无线传感器网络在许多领域都有广泛应用。网络中的节点通常由电池供电。由于无线通信的能量消耗与传输距离有关，不同位置的节点能量消耗不同，导致节点能量分布不均。在一些特殊应用中，要求所有节点同时工作，而能量分布不均使得系统的有效工作时间受能耗最大的节点限制。常用的聚类协议能在平衡能量消耗方面发挥作用，但未实现最优能耗。本文提出利用电源线连接节点以完全平衡能量，并提出了电源线长度最短的连接方案。在能量平衡的基础上，提出了以最佳跳数传输数据的方法，充分降低了数据传输的功耗。仿真结果表明，该方法能有效降低能量消耗，延长无线传感器网络的寿命。
