俄亥俄州养老院环境表面金黄色葡萄球菌和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的流行情况。
Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S aureus on environmental surfaces in Ohio nursing homes.
机构信息
Department of Biostatistics, Environmental Health Sciences, and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Kent State University, Kent, OH.
Department of Biostatistics, Environmental Health Sciences, and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Kent State University, Kent, OH.
出版信息
Am J Infect Control. 2019 Dec;47(12):1415-1419. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2019.05.021. Epub 2019 Jul 16.
BACKGROUND
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is common in medical institutions. We sought to examine the prevalence of S aureus on environmental surfaces in nursing homes and to obtain molecular information on contaminating strains.
METHODS
A total of 259 environmental samples were collected from 7 different nursing homes in Northeast Ohio (NEO), from suburban, urban, and rural settings. The presence of the mecA and PVL genes was determined, and spa typing was performed in order to identify molecular types.
RESULTS
The prevalence of S aureus was 28.6% (74/259). The prevalence of MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S aureus was 20.1% (52/259) and 8.5% (22/259), respectively. S aureus contamination in suburban, urban, and rural sites was 25.7% (38/148), 45.9% (34/74), and 5.4% (2/37), respectively. MRSA was detected in 16.9% (25/148) of suburban samples and 36.5% (27/74) of urban samples. No MRSA was found in rural samples. Nursing homes from urban areas had a significantly higher (P < .001) prevalence of S aureus compared to nursing homes from suburban and rural sites. Areas with high nurse touch rates were the most commonly contaminated.
CONCLUSIONS
We found differences in the prevalence of S aureus and MRSA in nursing homes in different regions of NEO. Part of these differences may result from transfers from hospitals; the urban nursing homes had 4 to 15 hospitals nearby, whereas suburban and rural locations had 1 to 3 hospitals within the area.
背景
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）在医疗机构中很常见。我们旨在研究养老院环境表面金黄色葡萄球菌的流行情况，并获取污染菌株的分子信息。
方法
从俄亥俄州东北部（NEO）的 7 家不同养老院共采集了 259 份环境样本，这些养老院分别位于郊区、城市和农村地区。确定 mecA 和 PVL 基因的存在，并进行 spa 分型以确定分子类型。
结果
金黄色葡萄球菌的检出率为 28.6%（74/259）。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌的检出率分别为 20.1%（52/259）和 8.5%（22/259）。郊区、城市和农村地区金黄色葡萄球菌的污染率分别为 25.7%（38/148）、45.9%（34/74）和 5.4%（2/37）。郊区样本中检出 16.9%（25/148）的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌，城市样本中检出 36.5%（27/74）的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌。农村样本中未检出耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌。城市地区的养老院金黄色葡萄球菌的检出率明显高于郊区和农村地区的养老院（P<.001）。护士接触频率高的区域污染最严重。
结论
我们发现 NEO 不同地区养老院金黄色葡萄球菌和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的流行率存在差异。部分差异可能源于医院的转院，城市养老院附近有 4 到 15 家医院，而郊区和农村地区的养老院附近有 1 到 3 家医院。
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