Chair of Bioinformatics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Computational Biology, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
Methods. 2020 Feb 1;172:3-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.07.013. Epub 2019 Jul 19.
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and their associated proteins (Cas) are essential genetic elements in many archaeal and bacterial genomes, playing a key role in a prokaryote adaptive immune system against invasive foreign elements. In recent years, the CRISPR-Cas system has also been engineered to facilitate target gene editing in eukaryotic genomes. Bioinformatics played an essential role in the detection and analysis of CRISPR systems and here we review the bioinformatics-based efforts that pushed the field of CRISPR-Cas research further. We discuss the bioinformatics tools that have been published over the last few years and, finally, present the most popular tools for the design of CRISPR-Cas9 guides.
成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列 (CRISPR) 及其相关蛋白 (Cas) 是许多古菌和细菌基因组中的重要遗传元件，在原核生物针对入侵外源元件的适应性免疫系统中发挥着关键作用。近年来，CRISPR-Cas 系统也被用于促进真核基因组中的靶基因编辑。生物信息学在 CRISPR 系统的检测和分析中发挥了重要作用，在这里我们回顾了推动 CRISPR-Cas 研究领域进一步发展的基于生物信息学的努力。我们讨论了过去几年中发表的生物信息学工具，最后介绍了用于设计 CRISPR-Cas9 向导的最流行的工具。
