University of Pécs Faculty of Health Sciences Institute of Emergency Care and Pedagogy of Health, Pecs, Hungary.
University of Pécs Faculty of Health Sciences Institute of Emergency Care and Pedagogy of Health, Pécs, Hungary.
Emerg Med J. 2019 Nov;36(11):666-669. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2018-208110. Epub 2019 Jul 20.
First aid education in early childhood can be an effective method to increase the number of trained bystanders. Our aim was to evaluate the long-term effects of a 3-day first aid programme for all primary school-age groups (7-14 years old).
This study was a 15-month follow-up of our previous investigation. Five-hundred and twenty-four primary school children were involved in this study. Measurements were made on the following topics: adult basic life support, using an automated external defibrillator (AED), handling an unconscious patient, managing bleeding and calling the ambulance. Data collection was made with a self-made questionnaire and skill test.
Knowledge and skills were significantly higher after 15 months than before training (p<0.01). However, these results were significantly worse than immediately and 4 months after training (p<0.01). Based on the questionnaire, more than three-quarters knew the emergency phone number 15 months after training. Approximately two-thirds of the children could use the correct hand position in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the correct compression-ventilation ratio and an AED, and half of them could perform correct recovery position at 15 months. Correct assessment of breathing was similar in a situation game than before training. Self-efficacy improved significantly after training (p<0.01) and remained improved after 4 and 15 months when compared with before training (p<0.01).
Participants could remember some aspects of first aid long term. However, knowledge and skills had declined after 15 months, so refresher training would be recommended. Self-efficacy towards first aid improved after training and remained high after 15 months.
儿童早期急救教育可以成为增加训练有素旁观者数量的有效方法。我们的目的是评估为期 3 天的急救计划对所有小学年龄段（7-14 岁）的长期效果。
这是我们之前研究的 15 个月随访。本研究共有 524 名小学生参与。测量了以下主题：成人基本生命支持、使用自动体外除颤器（AED）、处理无意识患者、控制出血和呼叫救护车。数据收集采用自制问卷和技能测试进行。
15 个月后，知识和技能明显高于培训前（p<0.01）。然而，这些结果明显比培训后立即和 4 个月后更差（p<0.01）。根据问卷调查，超过四分之三的人在培训后 15 个月知道紧急电话号码。大约三分之二的儿童可以在心肺复苏时使用正确的手位、正确的按压通气比和 AED，其中一半可以在 15 个月时进行正确的复苏体位。在情况游戏中，正确评估呼吸的情况与培训前相似。培训后自我效能感显著提高（p<0.01），与培训前相比，4 个月和 15 个月后仍保持提高（p<0.01）。
参与者可以长期记住一些急救方面的知识。然而，15 个月后，知识和技能有所下降，因此建议进行复习培训。培训后自我效能感提高，15 个月后仍保持较高水平。
