Shacklett Barbara L
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616.
Curr Immunol Rev. 2019;15(1):63-75. doi: 10.2174/1573395514666180528081204.
As our understanding of mucosal immunity increases, it is becoming clear that the host response to HIV-1 is more complex and nuanced than originally believed. The mucosal landscape is populated with a variety of specialized cell types whose functions include combating infectious agents while preserving commensal microbiota, maintaining barrier integrity, and ensuring immune homeostasis. Advances in multiparameter flow cytometry, gene expression analysis and bioinformatics have allowed more detailed characterization of these cell types and their roles in host defense than was previously possible. This review provides an overview of existing literature on immunity to HIV-1 and SIVmac in mucosal tissues of the female reproductive tract and the gastrointestinal tract, focusing on major effector cell populations and briefly summarizing new information on tissue resident memory T cells, T, Th17, Th22 and innate lymphocytes (ILC), subsets that have been studied primarily in the gastrointestinal mucosa.
随着我们对黏膜免疫的理解不断加深，越来越清楚的是，宿主对HIV-1的反应比最初认为的更为复杂和微妙。黏膜环境中存在多种特殊细胞类型，其功能包括对抗感染因子，同时维持共生微生物群、保持屏障完整性并确保免疫稳态。多参数流式细胞术、基因表达分析和生物信息学的进展使得对这些细胞类型及其在宿主防御中的作用进行比以往更详细的表征成为可能。本综述概述了关于女性生殖道和胃肠道黏膜组织中对HIV-1和SIVmac免疫的现有文献，重点关注主要效应细胞群体，并简要总结了关于组织驻留记忆T细胞、T、Th17、Th22和固有淋巴细胞（ILC）亚群的新信息，这些亚群主要在胃肠道黏膜中得到研究。
