Nanomedicine Lab, Center of Materials Sciences (CMS) , Zewail City of Science and Technology , 6th of October, Giza 12578 , Egypt.
Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing , Misr University of Science and Technology (MUST) , 6th of October, Giza 12566 , Egypt.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019 Aug 14;11(32):28610-28620. doi: 10.1021/acsami.9b06359. Epub 2019 Aug 5.
Advanced bone healing approaches included a wide range of biomaterials that mainly mimic the composition, structure, and properties of bone extracellular matrix with osteogenic activity. The present study aimed to develop a sandwich-like structure of electrospun nanofibers (NFs) based on polycaprolactone (PCL) and chitosan/polyethylene oxide (CS/PEO) composite to stimulate bone fracture healing. The morphology of the fabricated scaffolds was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Apatite deposition was evaluated using simulated body fluid (SBF). The physicochemical and mechanical properties of samples were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and universal testing machine. SEM images exhibited a porous three-dimensional structure with NF diameters of 514-4745 nm and 68-786 nm for PCL NFs layer and the sandwich-like NFs scaffolds, respectively. Deposition of apatite crystal on scaffolds started at week 2 followed by heavy deposition at week 8. This was confirmed by measuring the consumption of calcium and phosphorous ions from SBF. Thermal stability of scaffolds was confirmed using DSC and TGA. Moreover, the PCL NF layer in the middle of the developed sandwich structure reinforced the scaffolds with bear load up to 12.224 ± 1.12 MPa and Young's modulus of 17.53 ± 3.24 MPa. The scaffolds' porous structure enhanced both cell propagation and proliferation. Besides, the presence of CS in the outer NF layers of the scaffolds increased the hydrophilicity, as evidenced by the reduction of contact angle from 116.6 to 57.6°, which is essential for cell attachment. Cell viability study on mesenchymal stem cells proved the cytocompatibility of the fabricated scaffolds. Finally, in vivo mandibular bone defect rabbit model was used to confirm the regeneration of a new healthy bone within 28 days. In conclusion, the developed scaffolds could be a promising solution to stimulate bone regeneration.
先进的骨愈合方法包括广泛的生物材料，这些生物材料主要模拟具有成骨活性的骨细胞外基质的组成、结构和特性。本研究旨在开发一种基于聚己内酯（PCL）和壳聚糖/聚氧化乙烯（CS/PEO）复合材料的电纺纳米纤维（NFs）的三明治状结构，以刺激骨骨折愈合。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）检查制备的支架的形态。使用模拟体液（SBF）评估磷灰石沉积。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、差示扫描量热法（DSC）、热重分析（TGA）和万能试验机分析样品的物理化学和机械性能。SEM 图像显示出具有 NF 直径为 514-4745nm 和 68-786nm 的多孔三维结构的 PCL NFs 层和三明治状 NFs 支架。在第 2 周开始在支架上沉积磷灰石晶体，然后在第 8 周开始大量沉积。通过测量 SBF 中钙和磷离子的消耗来证实这一点。使用 DSC 和 TGA 确认支架的热稳定性。此外，在开发的三明治结构中间的 PCL NF 层增强了支架的承载能力，达到 12.224±1.12MPa 和杨氏模量 17.53±3.24MPa。支架的多孔结构增强了细胞的增殖和增殖。此外，支架 NF 外层中存在 CS 增加了亲水性，接触角从 116.6°降低至 57.6°，这对细胞附着至关重要。间充质干细胞的细胞活力研究证明了所制备支架的细胞相容性。最后，在 28 天内使用兔下颌骨缺损模型证实了新健康骨的再生。总之，开发的支架可能是刺激骨再生的有前途的解决方案。
