Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2019 Aug 1;26(8-9):895-899. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocz049.
Social determinants of health (SDOH) are known to influence mental health outcomes, which are independent risk factors for poor health status and physical illness. Currently, however, existing SDOH data collection methods are ad hoc and inadequate, and SDOH data are not systematically included in clinical research or used to inform patient care. Social contextual data are rarely captured prospectively in a structured and comprehensive manner, leaving large knowledge gaps. Extraction methods are now being developed to facilitate the collection, standardization, and integration of SDOH data into electronic health records. If successful, these efforts may have implications for health equity, such as reducing disparities in access and outcomes. Broader use of surveys, natural language processing, and machine learning methods to harness SDOH may help researchers and clinical teams reduce barriers to mental health care.
社会决定因素（SDOH）已知会影响心理健康结果，而心理健康结果是健康状况不佳和身体疾病的独立风险因素。然而，目前现有的 SDOH 数据收集方法是临时性的，且不充分，SDOH 数据并未系统地纳入临床研究或用于为患者护理提供信息。社会背景数据很少以结构化和全面的方式进行前瞻性收集，导致知识存在较大缺口。目前正在开发提取方法，以促进 SDOH 数据的收集、标准化和整合到电子健康记录中。如果这些努力取得成功，可能会对健康公平产生影响，例如减少在获取和结果方面的差异。更广泛地使用调查、自然语言处理和机器学习方法来利用 SDOH，可以帮助研究人员和临床团队减少精神保健方面的障碍。
