Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.
J Eval Clin Pract. 2020 Jun;26(3):1001-1004. doi: 10.1111/jep.13239. Epub 2019 Jul 22.
Allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma are common allergic diseases. The pattern of dominant allergens depends on the degree of urbanization and the geographic region. The present study characterized the allergens of patients with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in Ningxia region of China.
A total of 309 patients were enrolled in this study. Western blotting assays were performed of the serum samples to evaluate allergen-specific IgE antibody for inhaled and ingested allergens. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the positive rate among different subgroups.
Among the 309 patients, 221 of them had positive test results. There were 157 positive cases for ingested allergens and 174 positive cases for inhaled allergens. No significant differences in positive rates were found between the ingested and inhaled allergens. Among the inhaled allergens, Artemisia was the most frequent allergen, followed by fungi and dog hair. Cashew was the most common ingested allergen, followed by crab, mango, and beef. Further analysis showed no significant differences in positive rate between males and females. However, significant differences in positive rate of inhaled and ingested allergens were found between children (1-13 years old) and adults (above 18 years old) (P < .05), while no significant differences were found between the children and teenagers (14-18 years old). For the comparison between teenagers and adults, significant difference in positive rate was found only in the ingested allergen.
This study provided the characteristics of allergens in Ningxia population, providing clinical and epidemiological data for prevention and treatment of the diseases in the region.
过敏性鼻炎和支气管哮喘是常见的过敏性疾病。主要过敏原的模式取决于城市化程度和地理区域。本研究描述了中国宁夏地区过敏性鼻炎和支气管哮喘患者的过敏原。
本研究共纳入 309 例患者。通过 Western blot 分析血清样本，评估吸入性和食入性过敏原的过敏原特异性 IgE 抗体。对不同亚组的阳性率进行统计学分析。
在 309 例患者中，221 例检测结果为阳性。食入性过敏原阳性 157 例，吸入性过敏原阳性 174 例。食入性和吸入性过敏原的阳性率无显著差异。在吸入性过敏原中，蒿属植物最常见，其次是真菌和狗毛。腰果是最常见的食入性过敏原，其次是蟹、芒果和牛肉。进一步分析显示，男女之间吸入性和食入性过敏原的阳性率无显著差异。然而，儿童（1-13 岁）和成人（18 岁以上）之间吸入性和食入性过敏原的阳性率存在显著差异（P<.05），而儿童和青少年（14-18 岁）之间无显著差异。在青少年和成人之间的比较中，仅在食入性过敏原中发现阳性率有显著差异。
本研究提供了宁夏人群过敏原的特征，为该地区疾病的预防和治疗提供了临床和流行病学数据。
