Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China.
World J Gastroenterol. 2019 Jul 7;25(25):3151-3167. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i25.3151.
Liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies, and various pathogenic factors can lead to its occurrence and development. Among all primary liver cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common. With extensive studies, an increasing number of molecular mechanisms that promote HCC are being discovered. Surgical resection is still the most effective treatment for patients with early HCC. However, early detection and treatment are difficult for most HCC patients, and the postoperative recurrence rate is high, resulting in poor clinical prognosis of HCC. Although immunotherapy takes longer than conventional chemotherapy to produce therapeutic effects, it persists for longer. In recent years, the emergence of many new immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies, has given new hope for the treatment of HCC.
肝癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，多种致病因素可导致其发生和发展。在所有原发性肝癌中，肝细胞癌（HCC）最为常见。随着广泛研究，越来越多促进 HCC 的分子机制被发现。手术切除仍然是治疗早期 HCC 患者的最有效方法。然而，对于大多数 HCC 患者来说，早期发现和治疗较为困难，且术后复发率较高，导致 HCC 的临床预后较差。尽管免疫疗法比传统化疗产生治疗效果的时间更长，但它的持续时间更长。近年来，许多新的免疫疗法的出现，如免疫检查点阻断和嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞疗法，为 HCC 的治疗带来了新的希望。
