Ogbonna Stanley U, Ezeani Ignatius U
Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Medical Center, Umuahia, Nigeria.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019 Jul 4;10:440. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00440. eCollection 2019.
Thyroid dysfunction has been widely reported among persons with diabetes (DM) in other parts of the World. In Nigeria, few studies have been reported. This study focused on risk factors for thyroid dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and will therefore add to the Nigerian literature, more so, as it is the first in South-East Nigeria. To determine the risk factors of thyroid dysfunction in patients with Type 2 DM. Three hundred and fifty-four T2DM patients and 118 non-diabetic persons (controls) were recruited for the study. A pretested questionnaire was filled for each subject after due explanations. The subjects were subsequently examined and the findings, including anthropometric values and clinical parameters were documented. Their blood samples were tested for HbA1c, fT3, fT4, and TSH. Information retrieved from patients medical records included: age at diagnosis of DM, duration of DM, complications of DM. The Student's -test, chi square test and regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data obtained. < 0.05 was taken to be statistically significant. About 56.5% of the T2DM patients who participated in this study were females and 62.7% of the controls were females. The T2DM patients had significantly higher BMI than controls (27.6 ± 5.0 kg/m vs. 26.2 ± 3.8 kg/m, = 0.002). Mean HbA1c was significantly higher in T2DM patients than in the controls (7.8 ± 2.0% vs. 5.8 ± 1.2%, = 0.001). Female gender (OR = 3.8, = 0.002), central obesity (OR = 2.5, 95%CI = 1.5-5.2, = 0.001), DM nephropathy (OR = 4.8, = 0.001), HbA1c ≥7% (OR = 4.3, = 0.025) and duration of DM >5years (OR = 3.3, = 0.012) were significantly associated with thyroid dysfunction in T2DM patients in this study. Female gender, central obesity, DM nephropathy, above normal HbA1c, and duration of DM were risk factors of thyroid dysfunction in type 2 DM patients in this study.
甲状腺功能障碍在世界其他地区的糖尿病患者中已有广泛报道。在尼日利亚，相关研究报道较少。本研究聚焦于2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者甲状腺功能障碍的危险因素，这将丰富尼日利亚的相关文献，尤其是因为这是尼日利亚东南部的首个此类研究。旨在确定2型糖尿病患者甲状腺功能障碍的危险因素。本研究招募了354例T2DM患者和118例非糖尿病者（对照组）。在进行适当解释后，为每位受试者填写了一份预先测试过的问卷。随后对受试者进行检查，并记录包括人体测量值和临床参数在内的检查结果。检测他们的血液样本中的糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（fT3）、游离甲状腺素（fT4）和促甲状腺激素（TSH）。从患者病历中获取的信息包括：糖尿病诊断时的年龄、糖尿病病程、糖尿病并发症。对获得的数据进行分析时使用了t检验、卡方检验和回归分析。P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。参与本研究的T2DM患者中约56.5%为女性，对照组中62.7%为女性。T2DM患者的体重指数（BMI）显著高于对照组（27.6±5.0kg/m² 对 26.2±3.8kg/m²，P = 0.002）。T2DM患者的平均糖化血红蛋白显著高于对照组（7.8±2.0% 对 5.8±1.2%，P = 0.001）。在本研究中，女性（比值比[OR]=3.8，P = 0.002）、中心性肥胖（OR = 2.5，95%可信区间[CI]=1.5 - 5.2，P = 0.001）、糖尿病肾病（OR = 4.8，P = 0.001）、糖化血红蛋白≥7%（OR = 4.3，P = 0.025）以及糖尿病病程>5年（OR = 3.3，P = 0.012）与T2DM患者的甲状腺功能障碍显著相关。在本研究中，女性、中心性肥胖、糖尿病肾病、糖化血红蛋白高于正常水平以及糖尿病病程是2型糖尿病患者甲状腺功能障碍的危险因素。
