Kamate Wasim I, Vibhute Nupura, Baad Rajendra, Belgaumi Uzma, Kadashetti Vidya, Bommanavar Sushma
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences "Deemed to be University", Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2019 Jun;8(6):1976-1980. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_283_19.
It is generally agreed that people with low socioeconomic status have a significantly worse oral and general health compared to people with higher socioeconomic status. The aim of the study was to find out the role of socioeconomic status of pregnant women on their oral health by evaluating the dental caries risk factor, the salivary count and DMFT index.
A total of 50 first time pregnant women were randomly sampled and were divided into different socioeconomic strata following the Kuppuswamy socioeconomic status scale. DMFT index and microbiological assessment of dental caries risk factor parameter, the salivary colony forming units, were carried out during the three trimesters and postpartum period. The observations were compared with 50 non-pregnant women of same age group.
Of the randomly sampled subjects, majority of the pregnant women (28/50) of the study group were of middle/lower middle class, 11 pregnant women were of upper middle class, and 11 were of the lower/upper lower class. When followed in their three trimesters and postpartum period, statistically significant increase in the salivary colony forming units was noted in 2 trimester, 3 trimester and postpartum period ( value < 0.05) of all pregnant women. Comparison of the caries risk factor between the pregnant women of three socioeconomic strata, however, revealed that no particular class was at a higher risk for dental caries.
This study gives an insight into the possible changing trends towards awareness for oral hygiene in various socioeconomic strata of pregnant women.
人们普遍认为，社会经济地位较低的人群与社会经济地位较高的人群相比，口腔健康和总体健康状况明显更差。本研究的目的是通过评估龋齿风险因素、唾液菌落计数和龋失补指数（DMFT），了解孕妇社会经济地位对其口腔健康的影响。
按照库普苏瓦米社会经济地位量表，随机抽取50名初产妇，并将其分为不同的社会经济阶层。在孕期三个阶段及产后，对龋失补指数以及龋齿风险因素参数（唾液菌落形成单位）进行微生物学评估。将观察结果与50名同年龄组的非孕妇进行比较。
在随机抽取的研究对象中，研究组大多数孕妇（28/50）属于中/中下层阶级，11名孕妇属于上层中产阶级，11名属于下/下层阶级。在对所有孕妇的孕期三个阶段及产后进行跟踪观察时发现，在孕中期、孕晚期和产后，唾液菌落形成单位有统计学意义的显著增加（P值<0.05）。然而，对三个社会经济阶层孕妇的龋齿风险因素进行比较后发现，没有哪个特定阶层患龋齿的风险更高。
本研究深入了解了孕妇不同社会经济阶层在口腔卫生意识方面可能的变化趋势。
