Das Gopal K, Boriwal Krutika, Chhabra Pragti, Sahu Pramod K, Kumar Sabitabh, Kumar Nitish
UCMS and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Dilshad Garden, New Delhi, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2019 Jun;8(6):2120-2123. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_267_19.
Early onset opacification of the lens (cataract) has been observed to be on the rise globally. This study was conducted to determine the various types of presenile cataract and to determine the probable risk factors associated with the occurrence of presenile cataract.
Patients in the age group of 18-40 years attending the Out-Patient Clinic of the Ophthalmology Department who were found to have presenile cataract were recruited as cases. An equal number of consecutive patients of the same age group were included in the control group. Those who gave consent to participate in the study were interviewed through a preformed questionnaire and underwent a complete ocular examination and set of blood investigations. The type of cataract was noted, data obtained were compiled, and examination and investigations done were documented and analyzed using frequency distribution and Chi-squared test.
In total, 90 cases and 90 controls that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited. Most common type of cataract was found to be posterior subcapsular cataract. Presenile cataract was observed to be significantly associated with tobacco intake ( = 0.035), hypercholesterolemia ( = 0.002), fuel exposure ( = 0.004), and lower socioeconomic status ( = <0.001).
Tobacco chewing, hypercholesterolemia, and excessive fuel exposure are risk factors for early development of cataract.
全球范围内，晶状体早期浑浊（白内障）的发病率呈上升趋势。本研究旨在确定早发性白内障的各种类型，并确定与早发性白内障发生相关的可能危险因素。
将在眼科门诊就诊、年龄在18至40岁之间且被诊断为早发性白内障的患者纳入病例组。对照组纳入同等数量的同一年龄组连续患者。同意参与研究的患者通过预先设计的问卷进行访谈，并接受全面的眼部检查和一系列血液检查。记录白内障类型，汇总获得的数据，并使用频率分布和卡方检验对检查和调查结果进行记录和分析。
共招募了90例病例和90例符合纳入标准的对照。最常见的白内障类型为后囊下白内障。早发性白内障与吸烟（P = 0.035）、高胆固醇血症（P = 0.002）、燃料暴露（P = 0.004）和社会经济地位较低（P = <0.001）显著相关。
嚼烟、高胆固醇血症和过度燃料暴露是白内障早期发生的危险因素。
