Department of Medicine, Cell Biology and Molecular Physiology, and Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2019 Jul;10(7):e00067. doi: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000067.
Precision medicine promises patients with complex disorders the right treatment for the right patient at the right dose at the right time with expectation of better health at a lower cost. The demand for precision medicine highlights the limitations of modern Western medicine. Modern Western medicine is a population-based, top-down approach that uses pathology to define disease. Precision medicine is a bottom-up approach that identifies predisease disorders using genetics, biomarkers, and modeling to prevent disease. This primer demonstrates the contrasting strengths and limitations of each paradigm and why precision medicine will eventually deliver on the promises.
精准医学有望让患有复杂疾病的患者在合适的时间、以合适的剂量接受合适的治疗，从而改善健康状况，降低医疗成本。对精准医学的需求凸显了现代西方医学的局限性。现代西方医学是一种基于人群的、自上而下的方法，利用病理学来定义疾病。精准医学是一种自下而上的方法，利用遗传学、生物标志物和模型来识别疾病前的紊乱，从而预防疾病。本入门读物展示了两种范式的对比优势和局限性，以及为什么精准医学最终会实现其承诺。
