National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
Environ Int. 2019 Oct;131:105001. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105001. Epub 2019 Jul 20.
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) has been extensively investigated for cost-efficient nitrogen removal from wastewater. However, the major issues of nitrate (NO-N) residue and instability in the current combination of nitritation and anammox process necessitates being addressed efficiently. The recently proposed partial-denitrification (PD), terminating NO-N reduction to nitrite (NO-N), has been regarded as a promising alternative of NO-N supplying for anammox bacteria. Given the engineering practices, the steadily high NO-N production, alleviating organic inhibition, and reducing greenhouse gas of PD process offers a viable and efficient approach for anammox implementation. Moreover, it allows for the extending applications of anammox process due to the NO-N removal availability. Here we comprehensively review the important new outcomes and discuss the emerging applications of PD-based anammox including the process development, mechanism understanding, and future trends. Significant greater stability and enhanced nitrogen removal efficiency have been demonstrated in the novel integrations of PD and anammox process, indicating a broad perspective in dealing with the mainstream municipal sewage, ammonia-rich streams, and industrial NO-N contained wastewater. Furthermore, researches are still needed for the predictable and controllable strategies, along with the detailed microbiological information in future study. Overall, the achievement of PD process provides unique opportunity catalyzing the engineering applications of energy-efficient and environmental-friendly wastewater treatment via anammox technology.
厌氧氨氧化（anammox）已被广泛研究用于从废水中高效去除氮。然而，当前亚硝化和厌氧氨氧化联合工艺中硝酸盐（NO-N）残留和不稳定性的主要问题需要得到有效解决。最近提出的部分反硝化（PD），将 NO-N 还原为亚硝酸盐（NO-N），被认为是为厌氧氨氧化细菌提供 NO-N 的一种很有前途的替代方法。鉴于工程实践，PD 过程中稳定的高 NO-N 产量、缓解有机抑制和减少温室气体排放，为厌氧氨氧化的实施提供了一种可行且高效的方法。此外，由于 NO-N 的去除可用性，它允许扩展厌氧氨氧化工艺的应用。在这里，我们全面回顾了 PD 基厌氧氨氧化的重要新成果，并讨论了其新兴应用，包括工艺开发、机理理解和未来趋势。在 PD 和厌氧氨氧化工艺的新型集成中，已经证明了更高的稳定性和增强的氮去除效率，这表明在处理主流城市污水、富氨废水和工业 NO-N 废水方面具有广阔的前景。此外，未来的研究还需要对可预测和可控的策略以及详细的微生物信息进行研究。总的来说，PD 工艺的实现为通过厌氧氨氧化技术实现节能和环保废水处理的工程应用提供了独特的机会。
