Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia.
School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia.
Nutrients. 2019 Jul 22;11(7):1677. doi: 10.3390/nu11071677.
Linseed is a dietary source of plant-based ω-3 fatty acids along with fiber as well as lignans including secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG). We investigated the reversal of signs of metabolic syndrome following addition of whole linseed (5%), defatted linseed (3%), or SDG (0.03%) to either a high-carbohydrate, high-fat or corn starch diet for rats for the final eight weeks of a 16-week protocol. All interventions reduced plasma insulin, systolic blood pressure, inflammatory cell infiltration in heart, ventricular collagen deposition, and diastolic stiffness but had no effect on plasma total cholesterol, nonesterified fatty acids, or triglycerides. Whole linseed did not change the body weight or abdominal fat in obese rats while SDG and defatted linseed decreased abdominal fat and defatted linseed increased lean mass. Defatted linseed and SDG, but not whole linseed, improved heart and liver structure, decreased fat vacuoles in liver, and decreased plasma leptin concentrations. These results show that the individual components of linseed produce greater potential therapeutic responses in rats with metabolic syndrome than whole linseed. We suggest that the reduced responses indicate reduced oral bioavailability of the whole seeds compared to the components.
亚麻籽是一种植物来源的ω-3 脂肪酸，同时还富含纤维和木脂素，包括开环异落叶松树脂酚二葡萄糖苷（SDG）。我们在一项为期 16 周的方案的最后 8 周，研究了在高碳水化合物高脂肪饮食或玉米淀粉饮食中添加整粒亚麻籽（5%）、脱脂亚麻籽（3%）或 SDG（0.03%）对大鼠代谢综合征迹象的逆转作用。所有干预措施均降低了血浆胰岛素、收缩压、心脏炎性细胞浸润、心室胶原沉积和舒张僵硬，但对血浆总胆固醇、非酯化脂肪酸或甘油三酯没有影响。整粒亚麻籽对肥胖大鼠的体重或腹部脂肪没有影响，而 SDG 和脱脂亚麻籽则减少了腹部脂肪，脱脂亚麻籽增加了瘦体重。脱脂亚麻籽和 SDG，但不是整粒亚麻籽，改善了心脏和肝脏结构，减少了肝脏中的脂肪空泡，并降低了血浆瘦素浓度。这些结果表明，亚麻籽的各个成分在代谢综合征大鼠中产生的治疗反应比整粒亚麻籽更大。我们认为，与成分相比，减少的反应表明整粒种子的口服生物利用度降低。
