Laboratory of Leukocyte Signaling Research, Department of Pharmacology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jul 22;20(14):3576. doi: 10.3390/ijms20143576.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals are essential for transmission of cell signals and other physiological functions. However, excessive amounts of ROS can cause cellular imbalance in reduction-oxidation reactions and disrupt normal biological functions, leading to oxidative stress, a condition known to be responsible for the development of several diseases. The biphasic role of ROS in cellular functions has been a target of pharmacological research. Osteoclasts are derived from hematopoietic progenitors in the bone and are essential for skeletal growth and remodeling, for the maintenance of bone architecture throughout lifespan, and for calcium metabolism during bone homeostasis. ROS, including superoxide ion (O) and hydrogen peroxide (HO), are important components that regulate the differentiation of osteoclasts. Under normal physiological conditions, ROS produced by osteoclasts stimulate and facilitate resorption of bone tissue. Thus, elucidating the effects of ROS during osteoclast differentiation is important when studying diseases associated with bone resorption such as osteoporosis. This review examines the effect of ROS on osteoclast differentiation and the efficacy of novel chemical compounds with therapeutic potential for osteoclast related diseases.
活性氧 (ROS) 和自由基对于细胞信号的传递和其他生理功能至关重要。然而，过量的 ROS 会导致氧化还原反应中的细胞失衡，并破坏正常的生物学功能，导致氧化应激，这种情况已知是导致几种疾病发展的原因。ROS 在细胞功能中的双相作用一直是药理学研究的目标。破骨细胞来源于骨骼中的造血祖细胞，对于骨骼的生长和重塑、整个生命周期中骨骼结构的维持以及骨稳态期间的钙代谢都是必不可少的。ROS，包括超氧阴离子 (O) 和过氧化氢 (HO)，是调节破骨细胞分化的重要组成部分。在正常生理条件下，破骨细胞产生的 ROS 刺激并促进骨组织的吸收。因此，在研究与骨吸收相关的疾病（如骨质疏松症）时，阐明 ROS 在破骨细胞分化过程中的作用非常重要。本综述探讨了 ROS 对破骨细胞分化的影响以及具有治疗潜力的新型化合物在与破骨细胞相关的疾病中的疗效。
