School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Neuropsychology Services of Southwest Ohio LLC, Dayton, OH, USA.
Clin Neuropsychol. 2020 Feb;34(2):353-367. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2019.1643922. Epub 2019 Jul 25.
This study examined the relationship between tests of performance validity (PVT) and symptom validity (SVT) among claimants undergoing independent neuropsychological evaluations. Previous research comparing PVTs with SVTs has examined symptom validity with respect to overreporting impairment, whereas the current study focused on how PVTs predict underreporting of psychological symptoms and minimization of negative personality characteristics. The sample included 99 claimants presenting with psychological and cognitive complaints who were assessed in a private practice setting. Participants were administered several SVTs (MMPI-2 Lie Scale (L), Superlative Self Presentation Scale (S), Correction Scale (K)) and PVTs, including Reliable Digit Span (RDS), California Verbal Learning Test forced choice recognition, the Victoria Symptom Validity Test (VSVT), and the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM). Analyses revealed moderate yet significant (<.001) negative correlations between the L Scale and PVTs with exception of the VSVT. These relationships were substantiated by moderate to large effect sizes ( = 0.56-0.81) when comparing L Scale scores in above and below PVT cutoff conditions. Significant relationships between PVTs and the K and S Scales were not observed. Exploratory analyses revealed that PVT/L Scale relationships were not significantly moderated by presenting concern. Claimants exhibiting invalid PVT performance were more likely to endorse virtuous personality characteristics on the L Scale, supporting the idea that PVT and SVT constructs are interrelated, particularly in the domain of underreporting moral flaws.
本研究考察了在接受独立神经心理学评估的索赔者中，表现有效性测试（PVT）和症状有效性测试（SVT）之间的关系。先前比较 PVT 和 SVT 的研究是针对过度报告损伤的症状有效性进行的，而本研究则侧重于 PVT 如何预测对心理症状的低报和对消极人格特征的最小化。样本包括 99 名在私人执业环境中接受评估的有心理和认知投诉的索赔者。参与者接受了几种 SVT（明尼苏达多相人格测验-2 说谎量表（L）、卓越自我表现量表（S）、修正量表（K））和 PVT，包括可靠数字跨度（RDS）、加利福尼亚语言学习测试强制选择识别、维多利亚症状有效性测试（VSVT）和记忆欺骗测试（TOMM）。分析显示，L 量表与 PVT 之间存在中等但显著的负相关（<.001），除了 VSVT 之外。当比较 PVT 截点以上和以下的 L 量表得分时，这些关系得到了中等至较大的效应量（ = 0.56-0.81）的证实。在 PVT 和 K 量表和 S 量表之间没有观察到显著的关系。探索性分析显示，PVT/L 量表关系不受表现关注的显著调节。表现出无效 PVT 表现的索赔者更有可能在 L 量表上认可有道德的人格特征，这支持了 PVT 和 SVT 结构相互关联的观点，特别是在低报道德缺陷的领域。
