培养医师科学家队伍：一项前瞻性队列研究，旨在调查医学生从事研究的动机对实际参与研究的影响。
Fostering the physician-scientist workforce: a prospective cohort study to investigate the effect of undergraduate medical students' motivation for research on actual research involvement.
机构信息
Center for Innovation in Medical Education, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Medical Education Center, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2019 Jul 23;9(7):e028034. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028034.
OBJECTIVES
The medical field is facing a physician-scientist shortage. Medical schools could contribute to developing physician-scientists by stimulating student involvement in research. Studies have examined motivation for research as a key parameter of success. However, previous studies did not investigate if students act on their self-reported motivation. The aim of this study is to examine if motivation for research of medical students is related to actual research involvement. Furthermore, this study distinguishes intrinsic (IM) and extrinsic motivation (EM) for research and aims to investigate if a type of motivation matters in the relation between research motivation and involvement.
DESIGN AND SETTING
Prospective cohort study in which students were surveyed at the start of medical school and reported IM and EM for research, self-efficacy, perceptions of research and curiosity on a 7-point Likert scale. One year later, students involved in research were identified. Logistic regression was used to examine influences of IM and EM on research involvement.
PARTICIPANTS
All undergraduate medical students starting at one medical school in the Netherlands in 2016. In total, 315 out of 316 students participated (99.7%), of whom 55 became involved in research (17.5%).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Research involvement, which was operationalised as the enrolment of students in the research-based honours programme or the involvement of students in voluntary research activities outside of the regular curriculum.
RESULTS
Students with higher levels of IM were more often involved in research (OR 3.4; 95% CI 2.08 to 5.61), also after adjusting for gender, age, extracurricular high school activities, self-efficacy, perceptions and curiosity (OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.35 to 4.78). Higher levels of EM increased the odds of research involvement (OR 1.4; 95% CI 0.96 to 2.11). However, the effect of EM disappeared after adjusting for the above-mentioned factors (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.67 to 1.63). Furthermore, the effect of IM remained after adjusting for EM, whereas the effect of EM disappeared after adjusting for IM.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that the type of motivation matters and IM influences research involvement. Therefore, IM could be targeted to stimulate research involvement and could be seen as the first step towards success in fostering the physician-scientist workforce.
目的
医学领域正面临着医师科学家短缺的问题。医学院校可以通过激发学生参与研究来为培养医师科学家做出贡献。已有研究将参与研究的动机作为成功的关键参数进行了探讨。然而，之前的研究并未调查学生是否会根据自己报告的动机采取行动。本研究旨在检验医学生参与研究的动机是否与实际参与研究有关。此外，本研究还区分了研究的内在动机（IM）和外在动机（EM），并旨在调查在研究动机与参与度的关系中，某一种动机是否重要。
设计和设置
这是一项前瞻性队列研究，在学生开始医学院学习时，对他们进行调查，让他们对研究的内在动机和外在动机、自我效能感、对研究的看法和好奇心进行 7 点李克特量表评估。一年后，确定参与研究的学生。使用逻辑回归来检验内在动机和外在动机对研究参与的影响。
参与者
荷兰一所医学院的所有本科医学生。共有 316 名学生（99.7%）参加了调查，其中 55 名学生参与了研究（17.5%）。
主要观察指标
研究参与度，其操作定义为学生注册研究型荣誉课程或参与课外课程以外的自愿研究活动。
结果
内在动机水平较高的学生更有可能参与研究（OR 3.4；95%CI 2.08 至 5.61），即使在校正了性别、年龄、课外高中活动、自我效能感、看法和好奇心后（OR 2.5；95%CI 1.35 至 4.78）也是如此。较高的外在动机水平增加了参与研究的可能性（OR 1.4；95%CI 0.96 至 2.11）。然而，在校正了上述因素后，外在动机的影响消失了（OR 1.05；95%CI 0.67 至 1.63）。此外，内在动机的影响在校正了外在动机后仍然存在，而外在动机的影响在校正了内在动机后消失了。
结论
我们的研究结果表明，动机的类型很重要，内在动机影响研究参与度。因此，可以针对内在动机来激发研究参与度，并将其视为培养医师科学家队伍的成功的第一步。
Zotero 插件