Centro Universitario de Enfermería Cruz Roja, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain.
Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
J Clin Nurs. 2019 Nov;28(21-22):3734-3746. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15015. Epub 2019 Aug 14.
To describe the nature of care received by patients measured through the Caring Behaviours Inventory.
Professional nursing practice combines two dimensions of caring: instrumental care and expressive care. Instrumental care focuses on physical health needs, in terms of efficiency and employs interventions based on evidence. Expressive care is patient-centred and based on the interpersonal relationship. It requires caring attitudes that include respect, kindness, sensitivity and patience. The Caring Behaviours Inventory is a tool designed to assess the care expressed through the behaviours nurses perform, contextualised within the Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring.
A systematic review following PRISMA recommendations. Scopus, PubMed and CINAHL databases were consulted using the keywords "Caring Behaviours Inventory" AND "Nursing". The Joanna Briggs Institute tool was used for the quality appraisal. A conceptual analysis and a thematic synthesis were performed for data extraction.
11 articles were selected. Three categories were identified: nature of caring, congruence between perceived care by patients and nurses, and factors associated with the expression of care.
An emphasis on care of an instrumental nature was identified. The perception of patients differs from that of nurses, patients perceive a lower level of expressive caring than the one nurses believe to deliver. Caring behaviours are affected by the working environment, nurses' emotional intelligence and coping skills, and socio-demographic characteristics.
This paper described the findings of previous research regarding the nature of care that is transmitted and received in clinical practice. Results highlight an emphasis on the instrumental aspect of the nursing care according to the patients' perception.
Findings summarised in this review could contribute to a better understanding of the nursing care. Results reported in this paper could also help to improve the quality of care delivered by nurses as well as patient-centeredness.
描述通过关怀行为量表（Caring Behaviours Inventory）衡量的患者所接受的护理性质。
专业护理实践结合了关怀的两个维度：工具性关怀和表达性关怀。工具性关怀侧重于身体健康需求，注重效率，并根据证据采用干预措施。表达性关怀以患者为中心，基于人际关系。它需要关怀态度，包括尊重、善良、敏感和耐心。关怀行为量表是一种评估护士通过行为表达的关怀的工具，其背景是基于 Jean Watson 的人类关怀理论。
按照 PRISMA 建议进行系统综述。使用“关怀行为量表”和“护理”的关键词检索 Scopus、PubMed 和 CINAHL 数据库。使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所工具进行质量评估。对数据进行了概念分析和主题综合提取。
共选择了 11 篇文章。确定了三个类别：关怀的性质、患者感知的关怀与护士感知的关怀之间的一致性，以及与关怀表达相关的因素。
确定了对工具性关怀的重视。患者的看法与护士的看法不同，患者感知的表达性关怀低于护士认为的水平。关怀行为受到工作环境、护士的情绪智力和应对技能以及社会人口特征的影响。
本文描述了之前关于在临床实践中传递和接受的护理关怀性质的研究结果。结果强调了根据患者感知的护理关怀的工具性方面。
本综述总结的研究结果有助于更好地理解护理关怀。本文报告的结果还可以帮助提高护士提供的护理质量和以患者为中心。
