State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agroproducts, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agroproducts, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
Environ Pollut. 2019 Oct;253:722-730. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.081. Epub 2019 Jul 16.
Though the toxicity of strobilurins on non-target aquatic organisms has been characterized, the associated toxic mechanisms have not been fully explored. The present study showed that the larval stage was the most sensitive developmental stage in zebrafish, and pyraclostrobin (PY) had the highest acute toxicity to embryos, larvae, juvenile and adult with 96 h-LC at 0.048 mg/L, 0.029 mg/L, 0.039 mg/L, 0.031 mg/L respectively, when compared with the toxicity of trifloxystrobin (TR), kresoxim-methyl (KM) and azoxystrobin (AZ) at corresponding developmental stage. Then we investigated the transcriptomics and developmental toxicity of TR, KM, AZ and PY on zebrafish embryos after 72 h exposure. RNA-seq revealed that the pathways related to cell apoptosis and cancer, and cellular components organelle membrane and mitochondrion, were markedly affected after TR, KM, AZ and PY exposure during zebrafish early life stages. The results were further confirmed by the induction of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, the elevation of HO, malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, as well as the reduction of intracellular calcium ions (Ca) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), which indicated that strobilurins could cause mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis. The present study was performed a systematic analysis of strobilurins to zebrafish at multi-levels, which provided suggestions for further investigation of molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity induced by strobilurins on aquatic organisms.
虽然已对烯酰吗啉类化合物对非靶标水生生物的毒性进行了描述，但相关的毒性机制尚未得到充分探索。本研究表明，幼虫期是斑马鱼最敏感的发育阶段，吡唑醚菌酯（PY）对胚胎、幼虫、幼鱼和成鱼的急性毒性最高，96 h-LC50 分别为 0.048 mg/L、0.029 mg/L、0.039 mg/L 和 0.031 mg/L，而与肟菌酯（TR）、咯菌腈（KM）和唑菌胺酯（AZ）在相应发育阶段的毒性相比。然后，我们研究了 TR、KM、AZ 和 PY 在暴露 72 h 后对斑马鱼胚胎的转录组学和发育毒性。RNA-seq 结果表明，TR、KM、AZ 和 PY 暴露后，与细胞凋亡和癌症相关的途径以及细胞器膜和线粒体等细胞成分受到显著影响。这些结果通过 CAT 和 SOD 活性的诱导、HO、丙二醛（MDA）和活性氧（ROS）水平的升高，以及细胞内钙离子（Ca）和线粒体膜电位（MMP）的降低得到进一步证实，这表明烯酰吗啉类化合物可导致线粒体功能障碍和细胞凋亡。本研究在多层次上对烯酰吗啉类化合物对斑马鱼进行了系统分析，为进一步研究烯酰吗啉类化合物对水生生物毒性的分子机制提供了建议。
