Laboratory of Adaptations to Exercise Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Center for Research in Human Nutrition Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2019 Sep;119(9):2075-2082. doi: 10.1007/s00421-019-04196-5. Epub 2019 Jul 25.
The effect of exercise on sleep remains controversial in athletes especially in junior athletes. This study tested the acute effect of additional intense rugby training on sleep, next-day dietary intake, and physical performances in adolescent rugby players compared to a day with regular exercise. 17 male rugby players in the national under-17 category (age: 15.7 ± 1.1 years, height: 1.78 ± 0.1 m, weight: 84.4 ± 13.6 kg, BMI: 26.6 ± 3.8 kg/m, fat mass: 14.5 ± 3.4%, VO Yo-Yo test: 52.1 ± 4.4 mL/min/kg, evening chronotype) took part in this study. The athletes completed two 36-h experimental sessions in random order: a regular exercise program (REP) vs. an intensified exercise program (IEP) at a 1-week interval. Physical activity and sleep data were collected using accelerometers. Performance tests were conducted the next morning after an ad libitum breakfast. Sleep improved during intensive training (TST: + 26 min, SL: - 4%, WASO: - 39%, SE: + 8.5%) with moderate effect size. There was no next-day difference in calorie intake from breakfast, but macronutrient composition shifted toward proteins (regular: 15.4 ± 6.1% vs. intensive: 18.9 ± 7.4%, ES = - 0.650 [- 1.13; - 0.18]). There were no significant differences in Wingate test performance or spatial awareness task time. However, performance in submaximal tests improved. Acute intensified training results in increased sleep duration and quality without disturbing next-day performance or dietary intake in young rugby players.
运动对睡眠的影响在运动员中仍存在争议，尤其是在青少年运动员中。本研究测试了与常规运动日相比，额外的高强度橄榄球训练对青少年橄榄球运动员睡眠、次日膳食摄入和身体表现的急性影响。17 名参加国家 17 岁以下组别的男性橄榄球运动员（年龄：15.7±1.1 岁，身高：1.78±0.1 米，体重：84.4±13.6 公斤，BMI：26.6±3.8 公斤/米，体脂率：14.5±3.4%，Yo-Yo 测试：52.1±4.4 毫升/分钟/公斤，傍晚时型）参加了这项研究。运动员以随机顺序完成了两个 36 小时的实验：常规运动方案（REP）与强化运动方案（IEP），间隔一周。使用加速度计收集身体活动和睡眠数据。次日清晨在随意早餐后进行性能测试。在强化训练期间，睡眠得到了改善（TST：增加 26 分钟，SL：减少 4%，WASO：减少 39%，SE：增加 8.5%），效果中等。从早餐中摄入的卡路里次日没有差异，但宏量营养素组成偏向蛋白质（常规：15.4±6.1%比强化：18.9±7.4%，ES=-0.650[-1.13; -0.18]）。在瓦格纳测试性能或空间意识任务时间方面没有显著差异。然而，次最大测试的表现有所提高。急性强化训练可增加青少年橄榄球运动员的睡眠时间和质量，而不会干扰次日的表现或膳食摄入。
