Family Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, SA.
Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, SA.
Ann Glob Health. 2019 Jul 22;85(1):109. doi: 10.5334/aogh.2467.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes is reaching epidemic proportions across the globe. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes, together with its accompanying risk factors, among young females.
An exploratory cross-sectional survey was conducted with 638 Saudi females in Alkharj, Saudi Arabia. Statistical analysis was carried out using STATA version 14. Odds ratios for the risk of diabetes and associated factors were calculated using log-binomial and multinomial logistic regression. Standardized prevalence and strata-specific prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes for different risk factors were also calculated.
The study revealed that nondiabetics and prediabetics were more prevalent between the ages of 18 and 24 years, while diabetic patients were consistently between 25 to 44 years of age. The average value for HbA1c in females was 5.44. Regression analysis shows that being older, married, obese, a smoker or less educated significantly increases the risk for both prediabetes and diabetes. Mutivariable analysis revealed obesity had a significant association with both prediabetes and diabetes. Prediabetics were 2.35 times more likely to be obese as compared to nondiabetics, with 95% CI (1.38-3.99). Similarly, diabetics were 6.67 times more likely to be obese compared to nondiabetics 95% CI (1.68-26.42).
Our study shows the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes among females from Al Kharj was 3.8% and 18.8%, respectively. The diabetic and prediabetic female participants had higher mean BMI and waist circumference, were older in age, were married, and smoked as compared to nondiabetics. In the context of the findings of our study, and keeping in view the the burden of this disease globally and in our population, it has now become extremely important to understand these factors and encourage health-promoting behaviors to construct effective interventions.
背景/目的：糖尿病前期和糖尿病的患病率在全球范围内呈流行趋势。因此，本研究旨在确定年轻女性中糖尿病前期和糖尿病的患病率及其相关危险因素。
在沙特阿拉伯阿尔卡尔吉进行了一项探索性横断面调查，共纳入 638 名沙特女性。使用 STATA 版本 14 进行统计分析。使用对数二项式和多项逻辑回归计算糖尿病和相关因素的风险比。还计算了不同危险因素下糖尿病和糖尿病前期的标准化患病率和分层特异性患病率。
研究表明，非糖尿病患者和糖尿病前期患者在 18 至 24 岁年龄组更为常见，而糖尿病患者则始终在 25 至 44 岁年龄组。女性的平均 HbA1c 值为 5.44。回归分析表明，年龄较大、已婚、肥胖、吸烟或受教育程度较低会显著增加糖尿病前期和糖尿病的风险。多变量分析显示肥胖与糖尿病前期和糖尿病均有显著相关性。与非糖尿病患者相比，糖尿病前期患者肥胖的可能性高 2.35 倍，95%置信区间（CI）为（1.38-3.99）。同样，与非糖尿病患者相比，糖尿病患者肥胖的可能性高 6.67 倍，95%CI 为（1.68-26.42）。
我们的研究表明，来自阿尔卡尔吉的女性糖尿病和糖尿病前期的患病率分别为 3.8%和 18.8%。与非糖尿病患者相比，糖尿病和糖尿病前期的女性参与者的平均 BMI 和腰围更高，年龄更大，已婚，吸烟。鉴于我们研究的结果以及全球和我们人群中这种疾病的负担，现在了解这些因素并鼓励促进健康的行为以构建有效的干预措施变得非常重要。
