Bawazeer Nahla Mohammed, Alzaben Abeer Salman, Dodge Elizabeth, Baker Amelia J, Benajiba Nada, Aboul-Enein Basil H
Clinical Nutrition Program, Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Applied Nutrition Graduate Program, College of Professional Studies, University of New England, 716 Stevens Ave, Portland, ME, 04103, USA.
J Prev (2022). 2025 Apr 11. doi: 10.1007/s10935-025-00835-0.
Prediabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) that remain below the diagnostic threshold for type 2 diabetes. It increases the risk of diabetes, all-cause mortality, and chronic diseases. Saudi Arabia has one of the highest global diabetes rates. This review evaluates interventions targeting prediabetes in Saudi Arabia and provides recommendations based on their effectiveness. A systematic scoping review was conducted across 12 databases for intervention studies published through March 2024. Study quality was assessed using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence Analysis Library Manual Quality Criteria. Six lifestyle intervention studies in Saudi Arabia, lasting from six months to over a year, were analyzed. All demonstrated good quality with minimal selection bias. Intervention groups showed significant improvements in metabolic syndrome components, fasting glucose, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, and HbA1c. One study reported prediabetes reversal and type 2 diabetes remission following lifestyle modifications. Multi-center interventions combining education, counseling, and physical activity were more effective than general advice alone in improving metabolic outcomes. Lifestyle modifications are an effective first-line approach for prediabetes management. In addition to the health benefits associated with improving glycemic control, lifestyle modification has the potential to reduce individual and public healthcare costs associated with prediabetes. This review supports the efficacy of lifestyle modification programs, conducted in Saudi Arabia, in controlling or reversing prediabetes.
糖尿病前期的特征是血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平（HbA1c）升高，但仍低于2型糖尿病的诊断阈值。它会增加患糖尿病、全因死亡率和慢性疾病的风险。沙特阿拉伯是全球糖尿病发病率最高的国家之一。本综述评估了沙特阿拉伯针对糖尿病前期的干预措施，并根据其有效性提出建议。我们对12个数据库进行了系统的范围综述，以查找截至2024年3月发表的干预研究。使用营养与饮食学会证据分析图书馆手册质量标准评估研究质量。我们分析了沙特阿拉伯的六项生活方式干预研究，这些研究持续了六个月至一年多。所有研究均显示质量良好，选择偏倚最小。干预组在代谢综合征组分、空腹血糖、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估和HbA1c方面均有显著改善。一项研究报告称，生活方式改变后糖尿病前期得到逆转，2型糖尿病得到缓解。将教育、咨询和体育活动相结合的多中心干预措施在改善代谢结果方面比单纯的一般建议更有效。生活方式改变是糖尿病前期管理的有效一线方法。除了与改善血糖控制相关的健康益处外，生活方式改变还有可能降低与糖尿病前期相关的个人和公共医疗成本。本综述支持在沙特阿拉伯开展的生活方式改变计划在控制或逆转糖尿病前期方面的有效性。
