Mind-neuromodulation Laboratory and Department of Psychiatry, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 77 Sakju-ro, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do, 24253, Republic of Korea.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 271 Cheonbo-ro, Uijeongbu, Gyungki-Do, 11765, Republic of Korea.
Eur Psychiatry. 2019 Sep;61:72-78. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.06.010. Epub 2019 Jul 23.
Although neurocognitive dysfunction and physical performance are known to be impaired in patients with schizophrenia, evidence regarding the relationship between these two domains remains insufficient. Thus, we aimed to investigate the relationship between various physical performance domains and cognitive domains in individuals with schizophrenia, while considering other disorder-related clinical symptoms.
Sixty patients with schizophrenia participated in the study. Cardiorespiratory fitness and functional mobility were evaluated using the step test and supine-to-standing (STS) test, respectively. Executive function and working memory were assessed using the Stroop task and Sternberg working memory (SWM) task, respectively. Clinical symptoms were evaluated using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Multivariate analyses were performed to adjust for relevant covariates and identify predictive factors associated with neurocognition.
Multiple regression analysis revealed that the step test index was most strongly associated with reaction time in the Stroop task (β = 0.434, p = 0.001) and SWM task (β = 0.331, p = 0.026), while STS test time was most strongly associated with accuracy on the Stoop task (β=-0.418, p = 0.001) and SWM task (β=-0.383, p = 0.007). Total cholesterol levels were positively associated with Stroop task accuracy (β=-0.307, p = 0.018) after controlling for other clinical correlates. However, clinical symptoms were not associated with any variables in Stroop or SWM task.
The present findings demonstrate the relationship between physical performance and neurocognition in patients with schizophrenia. Considering that these factors are modifiable, exercise intervention may help to improve cognitive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, thereby leading to improvements in function and prognosis.
虽然神经认知功能障碍和身体表现已被证实存在于精神分裂症患者中，但这两个领域之间的关系证据仍然不足。因此，我们旨在研究精神分裂症患者的各种身体表现领域与认知领域之间的关系，同时考虑其他与疾病相关的临床症状。
60 名精神分裂症患者参与了这项研究。心肺功能使用台阶测试进行评估，功能性移动能力使用仰卧-站立（STS）测试进行评估。执行功能和工作记忆使用斯特鲁普任务和斯特恩伯格工作记忆（SWM）任务进行评估。临床症状使用简明精神病评定量表、贝克抑郁量表和状态-特质焦虑量表进行评估。进行多元分析以调整相关协变量，并确定与神经认知相关的预测因素。
多元回归分析显示，台阶测试指数与斯特鲁普任务（β=0.434，p=0.001）和 SWM 任务（β=0.331，p=0.026）的反应时间具有最强的相关性，而 STS 测试时间与斯特鲁普任务（β=-0.418，p=0.001）和 SWM 任务（β=-0.383，p=0.007）的准确性具有最强的相关性。在控制其他临床相关因素后，总胆固醇水平与斯特鲁普任务的准确性呈正相关（β=-0.307，p=0.018）。然而，临床症状与斯特鲁普或 SWM 任务中的任何变量均无相关性。
本研究结果表明，精神分裂症患者的身体表现与神经认知之间存在关系。考虑到这些因素是可改变的，运动干预可能有助于改善精神分裂症患者的认知症状，从而改善功能和预后。
