Departamento de Química Analítica y Alimentaria, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Italy.
J Sci Food Agric. 2019 Dec;99(15):6713-6721. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9953. Epub 2019 Aug 26.
The possible agricultural use of grape pomace could be limited by the content and mobility of metals. This is influenced by many factors. In this study, the abundance and availability of heavy metals and essential nutrients were evaluated comprehensively in different grape pomace residues from winemaking of five white and red grape varieties, before and after the distillation process.
The total metal content found in grape pomace skins and seeds confirmed that there was greater metal accumulation in skins than in the corresponding seeds, with the exception of Ca and Mg. The enrichment of all metals (except K) during the distillation stage was confirmed by means of a significant correlation (R = 0.996, P < 0.001) between the metal content obtained in distilled and undistilled samples. Regarding availability, multivariate statistical analysis showed different behavior among elements, but a great similarity for metal mobility in both distilled and undistilled grape pomace samples and in both skins and seeds, except for Mn, Zn and Mg.
The results obtained in this study suggest the potential application of these grape residues as organic fertilizers for agricultural soils, without limitations resulting from heavy metal contamination. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
葡萄渣的可能农业用途可能受到金属含量和迁移性的限制。这受到许多因素的影响。在这项研究中，全面评估了酿酒过程中五种白葡萄和红葡萄品种的不同葡萄渣残渣在蒸馏前后的重金属和必需营养元素的丰富度和可利用性。
葡萄渣皮和种子中的总金属含量证实，除了钙和镁以外，金属在皮中的积累量大于相应的种子。通过对蒸馏和未蒸馏样品中获得的金属含量之间的高度相关性（R=0.996，P<0.001）证实了所有金属（钾除外）在蒸馏阶段的富集。关于可利用性，多元统计分析表明元素之间的行为不同，但蒸馏和未蒸馏葡萄渣样品以及皮和种子中的金属迁移性非常相似，除了锰、锌和镁。
本研究结果表明，这些葡萄残渣可作为农业土壤的有机肥料使用，而不会受到重金属污染的限制。 © 2019 化学工业协会。
