Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2019 Jun 11;14:4333-4351. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S209431. eCollection 2019.
Given the enormous increase in the risks of bone and cartilage defects with the rise in the aging population, the current treatments available are insufficient for handling this burden, and the supply of donor organs for transplantation is limited. Therefore, tissue engineering is a promising approach for treating such defects. Advances in materials research and high-tech optimized fabrication of scaffolds have increased the efficiency of tissue engineering. Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds and hydrogel scaffolds mimic the native extracellular matrix of bone, providing a support for bone and cartilage tissue engineering by increasing cell viability, adhesion, propagation, and homing, and osteogenic isolation and differentiation, vascularization, host integration, and load bearing. The use of these scaffolds with advanced three- and four-dimensional printing technologies has enabled customized bone grafting. In this review, we discuss the different approaches used for cartilage and bone tissue engineering.
鉴于人口老龄化导致的骨和软骨缺陷风险的极大增加，目前可用的治疗方法不足以应对这一负担，而且可供移植的供体器官有限。因此，组织工程是治疗此类缺陷的一种很有前途的方法。材料研究的进步和支架的高科技优化制造提高了组织工程的效率。静电纺丝纳米纤维支架和水凝胶支架模拟骨的天然细胞外基质，通过提高细胞活力、黏附、增殖和归巢以及成骨隔离和分化、血管生成、宿主整合和承载能力，为骨和软骨组织工程提供支持。这些支架与先进的三维和四维打印技术一起使用，实现了定制化的骨移植。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了用于软骨和骨组织工程的不同方法。
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