Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
J Periodontol. 2020 Jan;91(1):55-64. doi: 10.1002/JPER.19-0060. Epub 2019 Aug 26.
The aim of this study was to examine the association of conventional cigarette smoking and electronic cigarette vaping with periodontal disease in South Korean adults.
For this study, data from 13,551 participants, a subset derived from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2013 and 2015, were examined. Participants were divided into four categories: electronic cigarettes vapers, conventional cigarettes smokers, ex-users, and non-users. Periodontal status was measured by the Community Periodontal Index. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association of periodontal disease with smoking and vaping individually.
Out of 187 men and 35 women who vape electronic cigarette, 67 (35.8%) men and 10 (28.6%) women had periodontal diseases. Out of 1,957 men and 363 women who smoke conventional cigarettes, 861 (44.0%) men and 121 (35.3%) women had periodontal diseases. Periodontal disease was more prevalent in each vapers and smokers than non-users in men (electronic cigarettes: odds ratio [OR] = 2.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.52 to 3.59, conventional cigarettes: OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.76 to 2.68). Furthermore, both vaping and smoking had significant relation to dental caries, toothache, and dental damages.
Electronic and conventional cigarette use was each significantly associated with increased periodontal disease rates. After adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related characteristics, both vaping and smoking each had significant association with periodontal diseases. Therefore, this study suggests that vaping may not be a safe alternative to smoking. Cessation of both types of cigarettes is necessary for maintaining oral health.
本研究旨在探讨韩国成年人中传统香烟吸烟和电子烟使用与牙周病的关系。
本研究使用了 2013 年至 2015 年进行的韩国国家健康和营养检查调查的一个子集的数据，共纳入了 13551 名参与者。参与者被分为四类：电子烟使用者、传统香烟吸烟者、前使用者和非使用者。牙周状况通过社区牙周指数进行测量。采用多因素逻辑回归分析分别研究吸烟和电子烟使用与牙周病的关系。
在 187 名男性和 35 名女性电子烟使用者中，有 67 名（35.8%）男性和 10 名（28.6%）女性患有牙周病。在 1957 名男性和 363 名女性传统香烟吸烟者中，有 861 名（44.0%）男性和 121 名（35.3%）女性患有牙周病。与非使用者相比，男性电子烟使用者和吸烟者的牙周病患病率更高（电子烟：比值比 [OR] = 2.34，95%置信区间 [CI] = 1.52 至 3.59；传统香烟：OR = 2.17，95% CI = 1.76 至 2.68）。此外，电子烟使用和吸烟与龋齿、牙痛和牙齿损伤均有显著关系。
电子烟和传统香烟的使用与牙周病发病率的增加均显著相关。在调整了人口统计学、社会经济和健康相关特征后，电子烟使用和吸烟与牙周病均有显著关系。因此，本研究表明电子烟可能不是吸烟的安全替代品。为了维护口腔健康，需要同时停止使用这两种香烟。
