神经外胚层来源肿瘤的双刃剑：神经节苷脂

Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F59000 Lille, France.

Biomolecules. 2019 Jul 27;9(8):311. doi: 10.3390/biom9080311.

Gangliosides, the glycosphingolipids carrying one or several sialic acid residues, are mostly localized at the plasma membrane in lipid raft domains and implicated in many cellular signaling pathways mostly by interacting with tyrosine kinase receptors. Gangliosides are divided into four series according to the number of sialic acid residues, which can be also modified by -acetylation. Both ganglioside expression and sialic acid modifications can be modified in pathological conditions such as cancer, which can induce either pro-cancerous or anti-cancerous effects. In this review, we summarize the specific functions of gangliosides in neuro-ectodermal derived tumors, and their roles in reprogramming the lipidomic profile of cell membrane occurring with the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

神经鞘脂，即带有一个或多个唾液酸残基的糖脂，主要定位于质膜的脂筏结构域内，并通过与酪氨酸激酶受体相互作用而参与许多细胞信号通路。神经鞘脂根据唾液酸残基的数量分为四个系列，还可以通过乙酰化修饰。神经鞘脂的表达和唾液酸修饰都可以在病理条件下发生改变，如癌症，这可以诱导致癌或抗癌作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了神经外胚层来源的肿瘤中神经鞘脂的特定功能，以及它们在诱导上皮-间充质转化时重新编程细胞膜脂类谱的作用。