Molecular Surveillance of Drug Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum Isolates Imported from Angola in Henan Province, China.

Angola was the main origin country for the imported malaria in Henan Province, China. Antimalarial drug resistance has posed a threat to the control and elimination of malaria. Several molecular markers were confirmed to be associated with the antimalarial drug resistance, such as , , , , and This study evaluated the drug resistance of the 180 imported isolates from Angola via nested PCR using Sanger sequencing. The prevalences of CVMNK, NYSND, ANCSDI, and SAAKA were 69.4%, 59.9%, 1.3% and 6.3%, respectively. Three nonsynonymous (A578S, M579I, and Q613E) and one synonymous (R471R) mutation of were found, the prevalences of which were 2.5% and 1.3%, respectively. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in , , , and were generally shown as multiple mutations. The mutant prevalence of reduced gradually, but and still showed high mutant prevalence, while was relatively low. The mutation of the gene was rare. Molecular surveillance of artemisinin (ART) resistance will be used as a tool to evaluate the real-time efficacy of the artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) and the ART resistance situation.