Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2020 Feb;51(1):114-126. doi: 10.1007/s10578-019-00916-2.
The general factor of psychopathology (GP, or p factor) and the Dysregulation Profile (DP) are two conceptually similar, but independently developed approaches to understand psychopathology. GP and DP models and their stability, antecedents and outcomes are studied in a longitudinal sample of 1073 children (49.8% female). GP and DP models were estimated at ages 8 and 14 years using the parent-reported Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Youth Self Report (YSR). Early childhood antecedents and adolescent outcomes were derived using a multi-method multi-informant approach. Results showed that the general GP and DP had similar key symptoms and were similarly related to early-childhood antecedents (e.g., lower effortful control, higher maternal depression) and adolescent outcomes (e.g., reduced academic functioning, poorer mental health). This study demonstrates that GP and DP are highly similar constructs in middle childhood and adolescence, both describing a general vulnerability for psychopathology with (emotional) dysregulation at its core. Scientific integration of these approaches could lead to a better understanding of the structure, antecedents and outcomes of psychopathology.
精神病理学的一般因素（GP，或 p 因素）和失调特征（DP）是两种概念上相似但独立发展的理解精神病理学的方法。在一个包含 1073 名儿童（49.8%为女性）的纵向样本中，研究了 GP 和 DP 模型及其稳定性、前因和结果。使用父母报告的儿童行为检查表（CBCL）和青少年自我报告（YSR），在 8 岁和 14 岁时估计了 GP 和 DP 模型。使用多方法多信息源方法得出了幼儿期前因和青少年期结果。结果表明，一般 GP 和 DP 具有相似的关键症状，并且与幼儿期前因（例如，努力控制能力较低，母亲抑郁程度较高）和青少年期结果（例如，学业功能降低，心理健康较差）具有相似的相关性。本研究表明，GP 和 DP 在儿童中期和青春期是高度相似的结构，两者都描述了一种普遍的精神病理学易感性，其核心是（情绪）失调。这些方法的科学整合可以更好地理解精神病理学的结构、前因和结果。
