Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
Curr Opin Lipidol. 2019 Oct;30(5):401-408. doi: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000634.
Monocytes and macrophages are key players in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and dictate atherogenesis growth and stability. The heterogeneous nature of myeloid cells concerning their metabolic and phenotypic function is increasingly appreciated. This review summarizes the recent monocyte and macrophage literature and highlights how differing subsets contribute to atherogenesis.
Monocytes are short-lived cells generated in the bone marrow and released to circulation where they can produce inflammatory cytokines and, importantly, differentiate into long-lived macrophages. In the context of cardiovascular disease, a myriad of subtypes, exist with each differentially contributing to plaque development. Herein we describe recent novel characterizations of monocyte and macrophage subtypes and summarize the recent literature on mediators of myelopoiesis.
An increased understanding of monocyte and macrophage phenotype and their molecular regulators is likely to translate to the development of new therapeutic targets to either stem the growth of existing plaques or promote plaque stabilization.
单核细胞和巨噬细胞是动脉粥样硬化发病机制的关键参与者，并决定动脉粥样硬化的生长和稳定性。髓样细胞在代谢和表型功能方面的异质性越来越受到重视。本综述总结了最近关于单核细胞和巨噬细胞的文献，并强调了不同亚群如何促进动脉粥样硬化的发生。
单核细胞是在骨髓中产生的短命细胞，释放到循环中，在循环中它们可以产生炎症细胞因子，重要的是，分化为长寿命的巨噬细胞。在心血管疾病的背景下，存在着多种亚型，每种亚型都对斑块的发展有不同的贡献。本文描述了单核细胞和巨噬细胞亚型的最新特征，并总结了关于髓样细胞生成的介质的最新文献。
对单核细胞和巨噬细胞表型及其分子调节因子的深入了解，可能会转化为开发新的治疗靶点，以阻止现有斑块的生长或促进斑块稳定。
