Tang Haoxuan, Wang Shujun, Li Xiaoyu, Zou Ting, Huang Xijie, Zhang Weihuang, Chen Yanse, Yang Chen, Pan Qingjun, Liu Hua-Feng
Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China.
Discov Med. 2019 May;27(149):177-188.
Genistein is an isoflavone derived from soy-rich products, which is known to exhibit several beneficial biological effects, such as anti-tumor activity, improvement of glucose metabolism, and reduction of the frequency of peri-menopausal hot flashes, and thus has potential for clinical application. Certain limitations and side effects, such as low bioavailability, biological estrogenic activity, and detrimental effects on thyroid function, have restricted its clinical applications to some extent. Recently, it has been reported that fermentation, use of micromicelles, and modification of its chemical structure can enhance the bioavailability of genistein. Moreover, the modification of its molecular structure may also eliminate its biological estrogenic activity and adverse effects on thyroid function. In this review, we summarize the clinical application prospects and limitations of genistein, as well as the plausible solutions to overcome its low bioavailability, phytoestrogenic activity, and adverse effects on thyroid function.
金雀异黄素是一种从富含大豆的产品中提取的异黄酮，已知它具有多种有益的生物学效应，如抗肿瘤活性、改善葡萄糖代谢以及减少围绝经期潮热的频率，因此具有临床应用潜力。然而，某些局限性和副作用，如生物利用度低、生物雌激素活性以及对甲状腺功能的有害影响，在一定程度上限制了其临床应用。最近，有报道称发酵、使用微胶粒以及化学结构修饰可以提高金雀异黄素的生物利用度。此外，其分子结构的修饰也可能消除其生物雌激素活性以及对甲状腺功能的不良影响。在这篇综述中，我们总结了金雀异黄素的临床应用前景和局限性，以及克服其低生物利用度、植物雌激素活性和对甲状腺功能不良影响的可行解决方案。
