Verma Arjun, Barua Abanti, Ruvindy Rendy, Savela Henna, Ajani Penelope A, Murray Shauna A
Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia.
Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Chittagong 3814, Bangladesh.
Microorganisms. 2019 Jul 29;7(8):222. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7080222.
In marine ecosystems, dinoflagellates can become highly abundant and even dominant at times, despite their comparatively slow growth rates. One factor that may play a role in their ecological success is the production of complex secondary metabolite compounds that can have anti-predator, allelopathic, or other toxic effects on marine organisms, and also cause seafood poisoning in humans. Our knowledge about the genes involved in toxin biosynthesis in dinoflagellates is currently limited due to the complex genomic features of these organisms. Most recently, the sequencing of dinoflagellate transcriptomes has provided us with valuable insights into the biosynthesis of polyketide and alkaloid-based toxin molecules in dinoflagellate species. This review synthesizes the recent progress that has been made in understanding the evolution, biosynthetic pathways, and gene regulation in dinoflagellates with the aid of transcriptomic and other molecular genetic tools, and provides a pathway for future studies of dinoflagellates in this exciting omics era.
在海洋生态系统中，尽管鞭毛藻的生长速度相对较慢，但它们有时仍能大量繁殖甚至占据主导地位。可能在其生态成功中发挥作用的一个因素是复杂次生代谢物的产生，这些化合物可对海洋生物产生抗捕食、化感或其他毒性作用，还会导致人类食物中毒。由于这些生物复杂的基因组特征，我们目前对鞭毛藻毒素生物合成相关基因的了解有限。最近，鞭毛藻转录组测序为我们深入了解鞭毛藻物种中基于聚酮化合物和生物碱的毒素分子生物合成提供了有价值的见解。本综述综合了借助转录组学和其他分子遗传学工具在理解鞭毛藻的进化、生物合成途径和基因调控方面取得的最新进展，并为在这个令人兴奋的组学时代对鞭毛藻进行未来研究提供了一条途径。
