Robert and Beverly Lewis Center for Neuroimaging, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2019;45(6):563-579. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2019.1634086. Epub 2019 Jul 31.
: Cannabis is the most widely used illicit substance worldwide, and legalization for recreational and medical purposes has substantially increased its availability and use in the United States.: Decades of research have suggested that recreational cannabis use confers risk for cognitive impairment across various domains, and structural and functional differences in the brain have been linked to early and heavy cannabis use.: With substantial evidence for the role of the endocannabinoid system in neural development and understanding that brain development continues into early adulthood, the rising use of cannabis in adolescents and young adults raises major concerns. Yet some formulations of cannabinoid compounds are FDA-approved for medical uses, including applications in children.: Potential effects on the trajectory of brain morphology and cognition, therefore, should be considered. The goal of this review is to update and consolidate relevant findings in order to inform attitudes and public policy regarding the recreational and medical use of cannabis and cannabinoid compounds.: The findings point to considerations for age limits and guidelines for use.
大麻是全球使用最广泛的非法物质，娱乐和医疗用途的合法化在美国大幅增加了其可用性和使用。几十年来的研究表明，娱乐性大麻使用会导致认知障碍，大脑的结构和功能差异与早期和大量使用大麻有关。鉴于内源性大麻素系统在神经发育中的作用以及对大脑发育持续到成年早期的理解，青少年和年轻人中大麻使用的大量增加引起了人们的高度关注。然而，某些大麻素化合物的配方已获得 FDA 批准用于医疗用途，包括在儿童中的应用。因此，应该考虑它们对脑形态和认知轨迹的潜在影响。本综述的目的是更新和整合相关发现，以便为娱乐和医疗用途的大麻和大麻素化合物的态度和公共政策提供信息。研究结果表明需要考虑年龄限制和使用指南。
