在减肥饮食中加入哈斯牛油果有助于减肥并改变肠道微生物群：一项为期12周的随机平行对照试验。
Hass Avocado Inclusion in a Weight-Loss Diet Supported Weight Loss and Altered Gut Microbiota: A 12-Week Randomized, Parallel-Controlled Trial.
作者信息
Henning Susanne M, Yang Jieping, Woo Shih Lung, Lee Ru-Po, Huang Jianjun, Rasmusen Anna, Carpenter Catherine L, Thames Gail, Gilbuena Irene, Tseng Chi-Hong, Heber David, Li Zhaoping
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
出版信息
Curr Dev Nutr. 2019 Jun 12;3(8):nzz068. doi: 10.1093/cdn/nzz068. eCollection 2019 Aug.
BACKGROUND
Avocados contain fiber, lutein, and vitamin E, and they are a rich source of MUFAs. The effect of including an avocado daily as part of a hypocaloric weight-loss diet on weight loss is not known.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of daily avocado consumption as part of a hypocaloric diet on weight loss, body composition, satiety, biomarkers of inflammation, and intestinal microbiota composition.
METHODS
In this randomized, parallel-controlled, open-label, 2-arm intervention study, 51 healthy overweight/obese women and men were assigned to a hypocaloric diet with 1 Hass avocado daily (AVO; = 24) or a hypocaloric diet (CTRL; = 27) without daily avocado for 12 wk. Serum markers and intestinal microbiota were analyzed at baseline and week 12.
RESULTS
Both groups experienced significant weight loss, decrease in BMI (in kg/m), total body fat, and visceral adipose tissue, respectively (AVO: -2.3 ± 2 kg, -0.8 ± 0.8, -1.1% ± 2%, and -81.2 ± 118 g; CTRL: -2.6 ± 3.6 kg, -0.9 ± 1, -1.5% ± 2%, and -87.4 ± 216 g). We observed a significant decrease in serum glucose over time in the control group compared with the AVO group. There was no change between the groups in serum triglyceride, but a significant decrease from baseline to 12 wk was observed in the AVO group. Serum hepatic growth factor (HGF) and relative proportion of bacterial phyla (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes), family (Bacteroidaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae), and genus (, , , and ) were significantly altered in the AVO group compared with the CTRL group. A trend to decrease in serum inflammatory factors IL-1β ( = 0.07) and C-reactive protein ( = 0.074) was observed in the AVO group compared with CTRL.
CONCLUSIONS
Daily Hass avocado consumption as part of a hypocaloric diet supported weight loss, a decrease in serum HGF, and an increase in the abundance of bacteria involved in plant polysaccharide fermentation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02953158.
背景
牛油果富含纤维、叶黄素和维生素E，是单不饱和脂肪酸的丰富来源。将每日食用牛油果作为低热量减肥饮食的一部分对体重减轻的影响尚不清楚。
目的
本研究旨在确定每日食用牛油果作为低热量饮食的一部分对体重减轻、身体成分、饱腹感、炎症生物标志物和肠道微生物群组成的影响。
方法
在这项随机、平行对照、开放标签的双臂干预研究中，51名健康的超重/肥胖女性和男性被分配到每日食用1个哈斯牛油果的低热量饮食组（AVO组；n = 24）或不每日食用牛油果的低热量饮食组（CTRL组；n = 27），为期12周。在基线和第12周时分析血清标志物和肠道微生物群。
结果
两组体重均显著减轻，体重指数（kg/m²）、全身脂肪和内脏脂肪组织均分别下降（AVO组：-2.3±2 kg，-0.8±0.8，-1.1%±2%，-81.2±118 g；CTRL组：-2.6±3.6 kg，-0.9±1，-1.5%±2%，-87.4±216 g）。与AVO组相比，我们观察到对照组血清葡萄糖随时间显著下降。两组血清甘油三酯无变化，但AVO组从基线到第12周显著下降。与CTRL组相比，AVO组血清肝生长因子（HGF）以及细菌门（厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门）、科（拟杆菌科和丹毒丝菌科）和属（……此处原文未完整列出属名）的相对比例有显著改变。与CTRL组相比，AVO组血清炎症因子IL-1β（P = 0.07）和C反应蛋白（P = 0.074）有下降趋势。
结论
每日食用哈斯牛油果作为低热量饮食的一部分有助于体重减轻、血清HGF下降以及参与植物多糖发酵的细菌丰度增加。该试验已在clinicaltrials.gov注册，注册号为NCT02953158。
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