Borrelli Mimi R, Hu Michael S, Longaker Michael T, Lorenz Hermann Peter
Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
J Craniofac Surg. 2020 Jan/Feb;31(1):15-27. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000005840.
The craniofacial region is anatomically complex and is of critical functional and cosmetic importance, making reconstruction challenging. The limitations of current surgical options highlight the importance of developing new strategies to restore the form, function, and esthetics of missing or damaged soft tissue and skeletal tissue in the face and cranium. Regenerative medicine (RM) is an expanding field which combines the principles of tissue engineering (TE) and self-healing in the regeneration of cells, tissues, and organs, to restore their impaired function. RM offers many advantages over current treatments as tissue can be engineered for specific defects, using an unlimited supply of bioengineered resources, and does not require immunosuppression. In the craniofacial region, TE and RM are being increasingly used in preclinical and clinical studies to reconstruct bone, cartilage, soft tissue, nerves, and blood vessels. This review outlines the current progress that has been made toward the engineering of these tissues for craniofacial reconstruction and facial esthetics.
颅面区域在解剖学上较为复杂，具有关键的功能和美容意义，这使得重建工作具有挑战性。当前手术选择的局限性凸显了开发新策略以恢复面部和颅骨中缺失或受损的软组织及骨骼组织的形态、功能和美观的重要性。再生医学（RM）是一个不断发展的领域，它将组织工程（TE）原理与细胞、组织和器官再生中的自我修复相结合，以恢复其受损功能。与当前治疗方法相比，再生医学具有许多优势，因为可以针对特定缺陷设计组织工程，利用无限供应的生物工程资源，并且不需要免疫抑制。在颅面区域，组织工程和再生医学越来越多地用于临床前和临床研究，以重建骨骼、软骨、软组织、神经和血管。本综述概述了在利用这些组织进行颅面重建和面部美容工程方面取得的当前进展。
