Talyn Becky, Lemon Rachael, Badoella Maryam, Melchiorre Darwin, Villalobos Maryori, Elias Raquel, Muller Kelly, Santos Maggie, Melchiorre Erik
College of Natural Science, California State University, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA.
Biology Department, California State University, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA.
Toxics. 2019 Jul 31;7(3):38. doi: 10.3390/toxics7030038.
Genetically modified foods have become pervasive in diets of people living in the US. By far the most common genetically modified foods either tolerate herbicide application (HT) or produce endogenous insecticide (Bt). To determine whether these toxicological effects result from genetic modification , or from the increase in herbicide or insecticide residues present on the food, we exposed fruit flies, , to food containing HT corn that had been sprayed with the glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup, HT corn that had not been sprayed with Roundup, or Roundup in a variety of known glyphosate concentrations and formulations. While neither lifespan nor reproductive behaviors were affected by HT corn, addition of Roundup increased mortality with an LC of 7.1 g/L for males and 11.4 g/L for females after 2 days of exposure. Given the many genetic tools available, are an excellent model system for future studies about genetic and biochemical mechanisms of glyphosate toxicity.
转基因食品在美国人的饮食中已无处不在。到目前为止，最常见的转基因食品要么能够耐受除草剂（HT），要么能产生内源性杀虫剂（Bt）。为了确定这些毒理学效应是由基因改造导致的，还是由食品上除草剂或杀虫剂残留量的增加导致的，我们让果蝇接触含有HT玉米的食物，这些HT玉米有的已喷洒了草甘膦基除草剂农达，有的未喷洒农达，同时还让果蝇接触含有各种已知草甘膦浓度和配方的农达。虽然HT玉米对果蝇的寿命和生殖行为均无影响，但添加农达会增加果蝇的死亡率，暴露2天后，雄性果蝇的半数致死浓度（LC）为7.1克/升，雌性果蝇为11.4克/升。鉴于有许多可用的基因工具，果蝇是未来研究草甘膦毒性的遗传和生化机制的优秀模型系统。
