Pollini Luna, Rocchi Rachele, Cossignani Lina, Mañes Jordi, Compagnone Dario, Blasi Francesca
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Perugia, via San Costanzo, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Faculty of Bioscience and Technologies for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2019 Jul 31;8(8):260. doi: 10.3390/antiox8080260.
In recent years, agricultural and industrial residues have attracted a lot of interest in the recovery of phytochemicals used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. In this paper, a study on the recovery of phenol compounds from spp. leaves is presented. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) have been used with alcoholic and hydroalcoholic solvents. Methanolic UAE was the most successful technique for extracting phenols from leaves, and we used on leaves from and cultivated in Italy. The extracts were then characterized as regards to the antioxidant properties by in vitro assays and the phenol profiling by a high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Chlorogenic acid and rutin were the main phenol compounds, but considerable differences have been observed between the samples of the two species. For example, cryptochlorogenic acid was found only in samples, while quercetin-3-O-rutinoside-7-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-sophoroside-7-O-rhamnoside only in leaves. Finally, multivariate statistical analysis techniques applied to the phenol content allowed us to differentiate samples from different spp. The results of this study confirm that the extraction is a crucial step in the analytical procedure and show that leaves represent an interesting source of antioxidant compounds, with potential use in the nutraceutical field.
近年来，农业和工业残留物在用于食品、制药和化妆品行业的植物化学物质回收方面引起了广泛关注。本文介绍了一项从 属植物叶片中回收酚类化合物的研究。超声辅助提取（UAE）和微波辅助提取（MAE）已用于醇类和水醇类溶剂。甲醇超声辅助提取是从 叶片中提取酚类最成功的技术，我们使用了在意大利种植的 和 的叶片。然后通过体外试验对提取物的抗氧化性能进行表征，并通过高效液相色谱 - 二极管阵列检测器（HPLC - DAD）对酚类进行分析。绿原酸和芦丁是主要的酚类化合物，但在两个 物种的样品之间观察到了显著差异。例如，隐绿原酸仅在 样品中发现，而槲皮素 - 3 - O - 芸香糖苷 - 7 - O - 葡萄糖苷和槲皮素 - 3 - O - 槐糖苷 - 7 - O - 鼠李糖苷仅在 叶片中发现。最后，应用于酚类含量的多元统计分析技术使我们能够区分来自不同 物种的样品。本研究结果证实提取是分析过程中的关键步骤，并表明 叶片是抗氧化化合物的有趣来源，在营养保健领域具有潜在用途。
